Orthodontic bracket designs and their impact on microbial profile and periodontal disease: A clinical trial

Abstract

Aim:The aim of the present study was to compare the undisturbed plaque formation on teeth bonded with Preadjusted (Captain Ortho, Libral Traders, Mumbai, India) and Begg Brackets (Captain Ortho, Libral Traders, Mumbai, India) with nonbonded control sites via a de novo plaque growth over a period of 7 days.Materials and Methods:A clinical trial with the split-mouth design was set up enrolling 10 dental students. Within each subject sites with (Preadjusted) (P-site), Begg brackets (B-site) and control sites were followed. Plaque index and gingival index were recorded on days 3 and 7. Supra-gingival and sub-gingival plaque samples were taken from the brackets and the teeth on days 3 and 7, and were sent for aerobic and anaerobic culturing. The total number of bacterial colony forming units (CFU) was assessed for each sample using a colony counter. Tukeys and Dunnett test then statistically analyzed data.Results:The mean plaque index and gingival index increased on P-site and B-site on the third and 7th day. The shift from aerobic to anaerobic species was observed earlier in P-sites than in B-sites. The CFU were significantly higher for all sites on day 7 when compared with day 3. The aerobe/anaerobe CFU ratio was significantly lower in P-sites than in B-sites and then control showing an increase in the number of anaerobic species on the 3rd and 7th day (P < 0.05). Based on observed means, the mean difference was significant (P < 0.05).Conclusion:The present data suggest that Preadjusted brackets accumulated more plaque than Begg brackets. Bracket design can have a significant impact on bacterial load and on periodontal parameters.

Prevention and caries risk management in teenage and orthodontic patients

“…Traditional fixed appliances, whether of single or twin design, produce stagnation zones which produce a challenge to mechanical plaque control. Bracket design influences both caries risk and periodontal parameters . In addition, retention of plaque is also affected by the surface roughness of the appliance, and the type of ligatures used.…”

Dentists` Awareness of white spot lesions during treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances

“…The zones around the fixed braces are preelection areas for the accumulation of a larger amount of dental plaque. All this predisposes to decrease the pH in the dental biofilm and in the presence of carbohydrates in patient`s diet, a physical barrier is formed that disturbs remineralization with the calcium and phosphate ions from the saliva (7,8). All these changes in the oral ecosystem help to increase the levels of S. mutans and Lactobacillus spp., mainly around the adhesives that fix the orthodontic appliances (9).…”

Peer Review #2 of "Characterization of the salivary microbiome in patients with pancreatic cancer (v0.2)"

“…Galimanas et al (2014) suggested using salivary bacteria abundance ratios as a means for differentiating between healthy and diseased patients (34). Taxonomic ratios have been used to differentiate between subjects in studies of obesity (35), diabetes (36), and periodontal disease (37). Ratio comparisons also help to control for high levels of taxonomic variability among individuals (38)(39)(40)(41).…”