Orthodontic Pathology in the Syndrome of Pain Dysfunction of the Temporomandibular Joint in Children and Adolescents

Abstract

The number of patients with temporomandibular joint pain dysfunction syndrome (TMJ) is increasing every year, and the number of children and adolescents is also growing. One of the causes of the disease is considered to be dental pathology, in particular dental anomalies.
 A survey of 622 students of gymnasiums and lyceums was carried out, which were divided into 2 age groups according to the main periods of the formation of the dental system and the scheme of age periodization of human ontogenesis.
 An increase in the prevalence of TMJ SBD in adolescence was found (weak reliable relationship, r=0.10, p0.05).
 In two age groups, correlation analysis revealed a weak reliable relationship between HR and TMJ SBD (r=0,21 in children and r=0,16 in adolescents) (p0,01); as well as a weak significant association of distal bite (r=0,13, p0.01), and excessively deep vertical bite with TMJ SBD (r=0,15, p0,01) in adolescence.
 Key words: syndrome of pain dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint, dentomandibular anomalies, cervical vertebral dystrophy syndrome