Objective: To analyze the effects of single-jaw surgery (mandible or maxilla only) vs bimaxillary surgery on final peer assessment rating (PAR) score outcome and overall treatment duration. Materials and Methods: Treatment records of 63 consecutively treated orthognathic patients were assessed; 41 underwent bimaxillary procedures, and the remainder single-jaw procedures. All treatment was undertaken at Kent and Canterbury Hospital in the United Kingdom. Demographic characteristics and clinical parameters, including treatment duration, number of visits required, initial and final PAR scores, and number of extractions undertaken, were recorded. Results: The mean treatment time was 30.6 months; treatment time was shortest in the maxillary procedure only group. The mean reduction in percentage PAR score was 77%, with an average final score of 9. Linear regression analysis confirmed that procedure type had no influence on final PAR score (P 5 .62) or on overall treatment duration after adjustment for extractions and initial PAR score as confounders (P 5 .47). Conclusions: No significant difference was noted in treatment duration or in occlusal outcome between single-and double-jaw surgeries. (Angle Orthod. 2011;81:983-987.)