Orthodontics is temporomandibular disorder–neutral

Abstract

Objectives: To assess if subjects with a clinical diagnosis of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) have a similar prevalence of orthodontic history as a population of TMD-free individuals and to assess if those subjects who have a history of ideal orthodontics have fewer symptoms than those with a history of nonideal orthodontics. Materials and Methods: Two groups of age-and sex-matched individuals belonging to either a study ("TMD") or a control group were recruited. Subjects who underwent orthodontic treatment were classified as having a history of ideal or nonideal orthodontics based on the current presence of normal values in five reference occlusal features. Results: The correlation with a history of orthodontic treatment was not clinically significant for any of the TMD diagnoses (ie, muscle pain, joint pain, disc displacement, arthrosis), with Phi (W) coefficient values within the 20.120 to 0.058 range. Within the subset of patients with a history of orthodontics, the correlation of ideal or nonideal orthodontic treatment with TMD diagnoses was, in general, not clinically relevant or was weakly relevant. Conclusions: Findings confirmed the substantial absence of clinically significant effects of orthodontics as far as TMD is concerned. The very low correlation values of a negative or positive history of ideal or nonideal orthodontics with the different TMD diagnoses suggest that orthodontic treatment could not have a true role for TMD. (Angle Orthod. 2016;86:649-654.)

Temporomandibular disorders and dental occlusion. A systematic review of association studies: end of an era?

“…A similar conclusion can be reached in the case of sagittal skeletal profiles that are associated with an increased risk for disc displacement . Such suggestion is in line with recent observations that orthodontics is neutral as far as the temporomandibular disorders are concerned . Similar suggestions have been proposed also for the purported relationship between anterior open bite and TMJ osteoarthrosis, with the former being the consequence, rather than the cause, of the latter .…”

“…A purported causal relationship between ‘malocclusion’ and TMDs has been advocated for years by the precepts of gnathology , but the occlusal paradigm for TMD has never been convincingly validated . Observations that conservative management of TMD symptoms is almost always enough to achieve positive outcomes , and that chronic pain subjects are individuals with specific personality, and not occlusal, profiles , support the concept of neutrality as far as the effects of occlusal therapies on TMDs are concerned .…”

Tinnitus and temporomandibular disorders: the knowledge of professionals for primary health care in the city of Curitiba

“…This study confirmed the substantial absence of clinically significant effects of orthodontics regarding the cause of TMD 20 .…”

Potential risks of orthodontic therapy: a critical review and conceptual framework

“…Longitudinal, retrospective and cross sectional studies comparing the incidence of TMD in patients with and without a history of orthodontic treatment cannot demonstrate causality, but may highlight possible associations. Where such studies have taken place, they have failed to show an association between orthodontic therapy and TMD . However, evidence is emerging that there could be a subset of patients who have a genetic predisposition to TMD from orthodontics .…”