Orthogonal flow membraneless fuel cell

Hayes, J. R.; Engstrom, Allison M.; Friesen, Cody

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.04.061

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Miniaturization efforts have primarily aimed at scaling down common PEM fuel cell architectures [4], however such systems retain challenges found in their full scale counterparts, such as membrane degradation [5], water management [6], fuel crossover [7], and required humidification of the reactant streams [8]. More recently, microfluidic fuel cells have been developed that leverage laminar liquid flow of the reactants as a substitute for a solid polymer membrane [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. Liquid electrolyte based reactants typically have greater energy densities and are safer to use, store, and handle [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, unreacted fuel and oxidant at the interface will mix by diffusion, resulting in depletion of the overall reactant availability, or mixed potential if either reactant reaches its counter-electrode. Membraneless fuel cells have been demonstrated with vanadium [2,21,22,24], formic acid [13,27], hydrogen saturated electrolytes [15,16,28], gaseous electrolytes [18,25], peroxide [19], and have been tested in both basic and acidic media [9,10,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Counter flow membraneless microfluidic fuel cell

Salloum

Posner

2010

Journal of Power Sources

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Counter flow membraneless microfluidic fuel cell

Salloum

Posner

2010

Journal of Power Sources

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“…Although these early biofuel studies generated only very low power output, they demonstrated that the original 'on-chip' co-laminar flow cell platform may be suitable as a biosensor. A few other ambitious studies were performed to attempt novel flow configurations such as radial [57], orthogonal [86], or counter flow [87]. In all cases however, the architectures resulted in only modest power densities and did not demonstrate any specific advantage over the original unidirectional parallel flow case.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-laminar flow cells for electrochemical energy conversion

Goulet

Kjeang

2014

Journal of Power Sources

104

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A recently developed class of electrochemical cell based on co-laminar flow of reactants through porous electrodes is investigated. New architectures are designed and assessed for fuel recirculation and rechargeable battery operation.Extensive characterization of cells is performed to determine most sources of voltage loss during operation. To this end, a specialized flow cell technique is developed to mitigate mass transport limitations and measure kinetic rates of reaction on flow-through porous electrodes. This technique is used in in conjunction with cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to evaluate different treatments for enhancing the rates of vanadium redox reactions on carbon paper electrodes. It is determined that surface area enhancements are the most effective way for increasing redox reaction rates and thus a novel in situ flowing deposition method is conceived to achieve this objective at minimal cost. It is demonstrated that flowing deposition of carbon nanotubes can increase the electrochemical surface area of carbon paper by over an order of magnitude. It is also demonstrated that flowing deposition can be achieved dynamically during cell operation, leading to considerably improved kinetics and mass transport properties. To take full advantage of this deposition method, the total ohmic resistance of the cell is considerably reduced through design optimization with reduced channel width, integration of current collectors and reduction of reactant concentration. With electrodes enhanced by dynamic flowing deposition the cell presented in this study demonstrates nearly a fourfold improvement in power density over the baseline design.Producing more than twice the power density of the leading co-laminar flow cell without the use of catalysts or elevated temperatures and pressures, this cell provides a lowcost standard for further research into system scale-up and implementation of co-laminar flow cell technology. More generally, the experimental technique and deposition method developed in this work are expected to find broader use in other fields of electrochemical energy conversion. am also very grateful to my graduate colleagues at SFU and friends in FCRel, with a special mention to Omar in particular, for all the pleasant conversations and good times.I wish there had been more.Last but not least, I'd like to acknowledge all the family and friends I was unable to spend quality time with due to this work. I look forward to seeing you all again.vi Tables Table 1. for their higher specific energy and energy density [6]. For the same reasons, the lower power (< 100 W) market which is driven by portable consumer electronics, is currently 2 dominated by closed cell lithium ion batteries in particular [7]. As these batteries reach their limits and fail to keep up with the energy requirements of modern electronics, micro fuel cells with passively pumped higher energy density liquid reactants such as methanol have been suggested as a potential replacement [8].Regardless...

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“…This arrangement facilitates the proton transfer and simultaneously experiences redox reactions on electrodes surfaces and generate energy. 19 Spiral-shaped geometry can prompt better performance in the fuel cell applications due to better fuel distribution at the electrode surface as observed in the case of proton exchange-based fuel cell (PEMFC), reported by Tamerabet et al 20 In another study by Wang et al, the regenerative fuel cell concept is introduced in the membrane-less MFC to regenerate the fuel by applying external voltage and enhance the fuel utilization. 1 The optimization of the channel geometry at miniaturized scale was achieved by fabrication of the channel on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), poly (methyl Ravi Kumar Arun and Anjali contributed equally.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

A spiral shaped regenerative microfluidic fuel cell with Ni‐C based porous electrodes

et al. 2019

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Summary Microchannel geometry, electrode surface area, and better fuel utilization are important aspects of the performance of a microfluidic fuel cell (MFC). In this communication, a membraneless spiral‐shaped MFC fabricated with Ni as anode and C as a cathode supported over a porous filter paper substrate is presented. Vanadium oxychloride and dilute sulfuric acid solutions are used as fuel and electrolyte, respectively, in this fuel cell system. The device generates a maximum open‐circuit voltage of ~1.2 V, while the maximum energy density and current density generated from the fuel cell are ~10 mW cm−2 and ~51 mA cm−2, respectively. The cumulative energy density generated from the device after five cycles are measured as ~200 mW after regeneration of the fuel by applying external voltage. The spiral design of the fuel cell enables improved fuel utilization, rapid diffusive transport of ions, and in‐situ regeneration of the fuel. The present self‐standing spiral‐shaped MFC will eliminate the challenges associated with two inlet membrane‐less fuel cells and has the potential to scale up for commercial application in portable energy generation.

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Orthogonal flow membraneless fuel cell

Cited by 27 publications

References 19 publications

Counter flow membraneless microfluidic fuel cell

Counter flow membraneless microfluidic fuel cell

Co-laminar flow cells for electrochemical energy conversion

A spiral shaped regenerative microfluidic fuel cell with Ni‐C based porous electrodes

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