“…Some of these methods include the strength Pareto evolutionary algorithm (SPEA) [5], SPEA2 [6], the Pareto archive evolution strategy (PAES) [7], the micro-genetic algorithm (micro-GA) [8], the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA) [9], NSGA-II [10], the multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) [11], the Pareto dominant based multi-objective simulated annealing with self-stopping criterion (PDMOSA-I) [4], the vector immune algorithm (VIS) [12], the elitist-mutation multi-objective particle swarm optimization (EM-MOPSO) [13], the weight-based multi-objective immune algorithm (WBMOIA) [14], the orthogonal simulated annealing (OSA) [15], and the hybrid quantum immune algorithm (HQIA) [16].…”