Orthopaedic management of caudal regression syndrome

Prenatal Imaging of Caudal Regression Syndrome with Postnatal Correlation: Novel Insights

“…Caudal regression is a complicated syndrome of dysgenesis characterized by abnormal formation of the distal spine and pelvis [1,2,3,4]. Our case demonstrated an array of orthopedic, neurologic, and urologic abnormalities.…”

Caudal regression syndrome from radiology and clinical perspective: A case series and a proposed new integrated diagnostic algorithm

“…Caudal regression syndrome is rare congenital malformation associated with severe skeletal deficiencies of the vertebral or sacrococcygeal bones, resulting in complex anomalies in the gastrointestinal, neural, orthopedic, and genitourinary system [2 , 4] . This syndrome is characterized by complex dysraphism with aberrations in gastrulation and failure of notochord formation.…”

“…The patients with unstable spino-pelvic structure must be observed for the progressing spinal deformity and instability (indicated by worsening of the body posture) with the associated trunk shortening and abdominal collapse which further cause multiple organ problems ranging from the cardiorespiratory, gastrointestinal, and the urogenital. Thus, the management of Pang type I CRS is more likely to provide support and to improve the residual function than to correct deformities [4] . Spinal brace, sub-throchanteric amputations with pelvic thoracic prosthesis, or spino-pelvic fusion without or with multilevel pedicular screw fixation were options reported in various literatures [3 , 5 , 12 , 15 , 16] .…”

“…Spinal brace, sub-throchanteric amputations with pelvic thoracic prosthesis, or spino-pelvic fusion without or with multilevel pedicular screw fixation were options reported in various literatures [3 , 5 , 12 , 15 , 16] . The latest was associated with an increased quality of life by improving core body stability and spinal sagittal balance [4 , 14] . The spino-pelvic fusion may improve intestinal transit, posture, sitting position, and allow stretching contractures that may be resulted from a more effective physiotherapy in a stable spino-pelvic condition.…”

“…However, it may be ineffective with the presence of spino-pelvic instability. On that case, scoliosis correction with spinal and spino-pelvic fusion can be considered [4] .…”