Orthopoxvirus Infections in Rodents, Nigeria, 2018–2019

Meseko, Clement; Adedeji, Adeyinka Jeremy; Shittu, Ismaila; Obishakin, Emmanuel; Nanven, Maurice; Suleiman, Ladan; Okomah, Daniel; Tyakaray, Visa; Kolade, Damilola; Yinka-Ogunleye, Adesola; Saleh, Muhammad; Morgan, Clint N.; Matheny, Audrey; Nakazawa, Yoshinori; McCollum, Andrea M.; Doty, Jeffrey B.

doi:10.3201/eid2902.221411

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…and Rattus rattus. Though there had been recent human mpox cases in Nigeria at the time, another rodent in the study (Mus baoulei) was found to be PCR-positive for OPXV but not MPXV, suggesting the circulation of another poxvirus in the local rodent populations [61]. Following an investigation of human mpox in 2017 in the Republic of Congo (ROC), 22% of Emin's pouched rats (Cricetomys emini) were found to be seropositive [62].…”

Section: Monkeypox Virus In Wild Animalsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Monkeypox Virus in Animals: Current Knowledge of Viral Transmission and Pathogenesis in Wild Animal Reservoirs and Captive Animal Models

Falendysz

Lopera²,

Rocke

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Mpox, formerly called monkeypox, is now the most serious orthopoxvirus (OPXV) infection in humans. This zoonotic disease has been gradually re-emerging in humans with an increasing frequency of cases found in endemic areas, as well as an escalating frequency and size of epidemics outside of endemic areas in Africa. Currently, the largest known mpox epidemic is spreading throughout the world, with over 85,650 cases to date, mostly in Europe and North America. These increased endemic cases and epidemics are likely driven primarily by decreasing global immunity to OPXVs, along with other possible causes. The current unprecedented global outbreak of mpox has demonstrated higher numbers of human cases and greater human-to-human transmission than previously documented, necessitating an urgent need to better understand this disease in humans and animals. Monkeypox virus (MPXV) infections in animals, both naturally occurring and experimental, have provided critical information about the routes of transmission; the viral pathogenicity factors; the methods of control, such as vaccination and antivirals; the disease ecology in reservoir host species; and the conservation impacts on wildlife species. This review briefly described the epidemiology and transmission of MPXV between animals and humans and summarizes past studies on the ecology of MPXV in wild animals and experimental studies in captive animal models, with a focus on how animal infections have informed knowledge concerning various aspects of this pathogen. Knowledge gaps were highlighted in areas where future research, both in captive and free-ranging animals, could inform efforts to understand and control this disease in both humans and animals.

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Section: Monkeypox Virus In Wild Animalsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Monkeypox Virus in Animals: Current Knowledge of Viral Transmission and Pathogenesis in Wild Animal Reservoirs and Captive Animal Models

Falendysz

Lopera²,

Rocke

et al. 2023

Viruses

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“…The orthopoxviruses (OPXVs) are a genus of the Poxviridae's chordopoxvirus subfamily, including members that cause sickness in humans and other animals. The most well-known member of this genus, Variola virus (VARV), is a human-specific pathogen that caused smallpox, which was eliminated more than three decades ago after widespread immunization with the closely related vaccinia virus (VACV) [ 1 , 2 ]. The monkeypox virus (MPOX) is prevalent in several African nations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and prospects on vaccine development against monkeypox infection

Saadh,

Ghadimkhani,

Soltani

et al. 2023

Microbial Pathogenesis

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Challenges in Global Distribution and Equitable Access to Monkeypox Vaccines

Danladi,

Agboola,

Olaniyi

et al. 2024

Viruses

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The monkeypox outbreak has grown beyond the regions in which it was considered endemic. It has spread from central and west Africa to non-endemic regions like Europe, America, and other parts of the world. It has recently been classified as a public health emergency of international concern. This study evaluated the challenges faced globally and equitable access to monkeypox vaccines. Global competition has been observed in the race to obtain vaccines, with low- and middle-income countries being disadvantaged. Great inequity exists in the distribution of vaccines globally through advance purchase agreements, vaccine stockpiling, vaccine nationalism, the inequitable distribution of existing resources, and insufficient surveillance and reporting mechanisms. To address some of these challenges, there is a need for strengthening the global vaccine manufacturing capacity, targeting countries with elevated risk profiles and limited resources, strengthening surveillance systems, and addressing vaccine hesitancy.

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Orthopoxvirus Infections in Rodents, Nigeria, 2018–2019

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Monkeypox Virus in Animals: Current Knowledge of Viral Transmission and Pathogenesis in Wild Animal Reservoirs and Captive Animal Models

Monkeypox Virus in Animals: Current Knowledge of Viral Transmission and Pathogenesis in Wild Animal Reservoirs and Captive Animal Models

Progress and prospects on vaccine development against monkeypox infection

Challenges in Global Distribution and Equitable Access to Monkeypox Vaccines

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