“…Bazyluk & Liana, 1970;Liana, 1976Liana, , 1978Liana, , 1982Liana, , 1990Liana, , 1994. In contrast, there is significantly less data on other types of open dry ecosystems -psammophilous grasslands and other inland sand-related habitats (Liana, 1990(Liana, , 1994Warchałowska-Śliwa, Maryańska-Nadachowska, & Kostia, 1992;Kuřavová, 2014;Krasoń & Wojton, 2021), although they are more widespread and occupy larger areas than xerothermic grasslands (EEA 2021). At the same time, psammophilous grasslands are among the threatened and declining habitats in Europe (Janssen et al, 2016), mostly as a result of vegetation succession or due to being treated as wastelands, which leads to ongoing afforestation or housing development (Liana, 1999(Liana, , 2002Krištín et al, 2004;Kujawa-Pawlaczyk, 2010;Trąba & Rogut, 2013).…”