Orthorexia nervosa and executive dysfunction: symptomatology is related to difficulties with behavioral regulation

Noebel, Natalie A.; Oberle, Crystal D.; Marcell, Haley S.

doi:10.1007/s40519-021-01343-w

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Firstly, this research base is limited; studies exploring inhibitory control in EDs often exclude participants with a co-existing ND (Berner et al, 2018;Hartmann et al, 2013) rather than controlling for these traits. Where studies include participants with both diagnoses, results were not reported comparing those with an ED to those with both an ND and ED, as described above (Noebel et al, 2022;Van der Oord et al, 2018).…”

Section: Methodological Limitations In the Present Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first study explored the impact of disordered eating (orthorexia nervosa; ON) on EFs and included participants diagnosed with autism or ADHD. This group made up 12% of the total participants, and 33% of those with ON (Noebel et al, 2022), reflecting a greater prevalence of NDs among those with disordered eating. This study utilised a validated selfreport measure of EFs and found a moderate association between ON symptoms and impairments in inhibition after accounting for demographic variables, including a diagnosis of autism or ADHD.…”

Section: Secondary Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Overlap of eating disorders and neurodivergence: the role of inhibitory control

Norton,

Sheen,

Burns

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Objective: Difficulties with inhibitory control have been identified in eating disorders (EDs) and neurodevelopmental disorders (NDs; including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder), and there appear to be parallels between the expression of these impairments. It is theorised that impairments in inhibitory control within NDs may represent a unique vulnerability for eating disorders (EDs), and this same mechanism may contribute to poorer treatment outcomes. This review seeks to determine the state of the literature concerning the role of inhibitory control in the overlap of EDs and neurodivergence. Method: A scoping review was conducted to summarise extant research, and to identify gaps in the existing knowledge base. Scopus, Medline, PsycInfo, Embase, and ProQuest were systematically searched. Results: Four studies exploring the relationship between ADHD and EDs using behavioural measures of inhibitory control met selection criteria. These studies showed a multifaceted relationship between these conditions, with differences emerging between domains of inhibitory control, and these were not consistently correlated with the relationship between measures of impulsivity, ADHD and EDs. Further research is recommended to clarify the relationships between impulsivity, inhibitory control, ADHD and EDs. Two additional studies were ineligible for inclusion but closely related to study criteria and relevant findings were discussed. No studies explored the relationship between autism and EDs using behavioural measures of inhibitory control. Conclusion: Further research is needed to explore the role of inhibitory control in EDs, ADHD and autism, including the use of both self-report and behavioural measures to capture the domains of inhibitory control.

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Section: Methodological Limitations In the Present Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Secondary Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overlap of eating disorders and neurodivergence: the role of inhibitory control

Norton,

Sheen,

Burns

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The first study explored the impact of disordered eating (orthorexia nervosa; ON) on EFs and included participants diagnosed with autism or ADHD. This group made up 12% of the total participants, and 33% of those with ON [102], reflecting a greater prevalence of NDs among those with disordered eating. This study utilised a validated self-report measure of EFs and found a moderate association between ON symptoms and impairments in inhibition after accounting for demographic variables, including a diagnosis of autism or ADHD.…”

Section: Secondary Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overlap of eating disorders and neurodivergence: the role of inhibitory control

Norton,

Sheen,

Burns

et al. 2024

BMC Psychiatry

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Background Difficulties with inhibitory control have been identified in eating disorders (EDs) and neurodevelopmental disorders (NDs; including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder), and there appear to be parallels between the expression of these impairments. It is theorised that impairments in inhibitory control within NDs may represent a unique vulnerability for eating disorders (EDs), and this same mechanism may contribute to poorer treatment outcomes. This review seeks to determine the state of the literature concerning the role of inhibitory control in the overlap of EDs and neurodivergence. Method A scoping review was conducted to summarise extant research, and to identify gaps in the existing knowledge base. Scopus, Medline, PsycInfo, Embase, and ProQuest were systematically searched. Studies were included if the study measured traits of ADHD or autism, and symptoms of ED, and required participants to complete a performance task measure of inhibitory control. Where studies included a cohort with both an ND and ED, these results had to be reported separately from cohorts with a singular diagnosis. Studies were required to be published in English, within the last 10 years. Results No studies explored the relationship between autism and EDs using behavioural measures of inhibitory control. Four studies exploring the relationship between ADHD and EDs using behavioural measures of inhibitory control met selection criteria. These studies showed a multifaceted relationship between these conditions, with differences emerging between domains of inhibitory control. ADHD symptoms predicted poorer performance on measures of response inhibition in a non-clinical sample; this was not replicated in clinical samples, nor was there a significant association with EDs. Both ADHD and ED symptoms are associated with poor performance on attentional control measures; where these diagnoses were combined, performance was worse than for those with a singular diagnosis of ADHD. This was not replicated when compared to those with only ED diagnoses. Conclusion Impairments in attentional control may represent a unique vulnerability for the development of an ED and contribute to poor treatment outcomes. Further research is needed to explore the role of inhibitory control in EDs, ADHD and autism, including the use of both self-report and behavioural measures to capture the domains of inhibitory control.

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“…Notably, the ONI includes a subscale specifically designed to measure physical impairments, which is considered a key diagnostic criterion for ON [ 12 ]. The prevalence of ON was found to be 4.5% in a study of participants aged 18–75 years with ONI, while it was found to be 4.2% in another study in young adults [ 12 , 18 ]. In Türkiye, a study was conducted to assess the validity and reliability of ONI, yet it was limited to the adult population [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometric properties of Turkish Orthorexia Nervosa Inventory in a clinical adolescent sample

Turan,

Yıldırım,

Bilginer

et al. 2023

Eat Weight Disord

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Purpose Orthorexic tendencies are increasingly prevalent among children and adolescents. This study set out to investigate the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Orthorexia Nervosa Inventory (ONI) in a clinical adolescent sample. Methods 266 adolescents aged 12–18 years, who applied to the Department of Child and Adolescents Psychiatry were included in the study. Participants completed sociodemographic data form, ONI, Eating Attitude Test, Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale-Child Version and ORTO-15. Results The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the ONI reached 0.92, indicating very good internal consistency. Total factor scores and Cronbach alpha values for behaviors, impairments, and emotions were found to be 0.84, 0.84, and 0.83, respectively. The CFA performed supported the three-factor structure of the ONI obtained in the first sample. The minimum discrepancy per degree of freedom = 1.89 and the model generally fit well to the structure (RMSEA = 0.058, SRMR = 0.033, CFI = 0.92, TLI = 0.91). Discussion This study has shown that the Turkish version of the ONI is a valid and reliable scale for specifying the tendency for Orthorexia Nervosa in a Turkish adolescent population. These findings contribute in several ways to our understanding of orthorexic tendencies and provide a basis for more concrete research data that can be obtained by using the ONI, which is a reliable scale in studies to be conducted among adolescents. Level of evidence Level V, descriptive cross-sectional study.

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Orthorexia nervosa and executive dysfunction: symptomatology is related to difficulties with behavioral regulation

Cited by 7 publications

References 53 publications

Overlap of eating disorders and neurodivergence: the role of inhibitory control

Overlap of eating disorders and neurodivergence: the role of inhibitory control

Overlap of eating disorders and neurodivergence: the role of inhibitory control

Psychometric properties of Turkish Orthorexia Nervosa Inventory in a clinical adolescent sample

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