This study has two goals. The first goal is to assess the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) candidates by means of standardized procedures because there has been little research concerning psychiatric problems of potential OLT candidates using standardized instruments. The second goal focuses on identifying predictors of these psychiatric disorders. One hundred sixty-five elective OLT candidates were assessed by our unit. O rthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is an accepted standard of care for end-stage liver disease. The pre-OLT period is marked by declining physical function, adjustment-related anxiety and depression, and development of organic brain deficits. [1][2][3][4] Although several psychiatric follow-up studies are available for recipients and donors after OLT, [5][6][7] there are few studies concerning the psychiatric status of potential OLT candidates before OLT. There is heterogeneity in the results of these studies, and the findings need to be interpreted with caution because psychiatric diagnoses were determined by means of psychometric scales and only in few cases by a comprehensive clinical interview. 7,[8][9][10][11][12] Reported prevalence rates of psychiatric disorders among OLT candidates vary from 15% to 50%. [8][9][10][11][12] Another recent study describing psychological characteristics of a large sample of OLT candidates reports that more than half the patients presented at least mild levels of depression, and more than one third were affected by clinically elevated levels of anxiety, suggesting a greater incidence of depression and anxiety than previously reported. 13