Oryzalin delays germination and induces putative polyploidy plants in local North Sumatra garlic (Allium sativum L.)

Abstract

Oryzalin is anti-mitotic herbicide. It has been used to induce polyploidy in several plants. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of oryzalin in inducing polyploids and its physiological effects on North Sumatran local garlic (Allium sativum L.) germination. This study used a factorial completely randomized block design (CRBD). The first factor was oryzalin concentration with 5 treatment levels, namely R1 (0 µM), R2 (100 µM), R3(200 µM), R4 (300 µM) and R5 (400 µM). The second was soaking duration, consisting of H1 (24 hours) and H2 (48 hours). The parameters observed were percentage of germination and sprout morphology, observed at 1 and 3 weeks after treatment. The collected data were processed using ANOVA and if they were significantly different, it was continued with the DMRT test at a 5% significant level. The results showed that oryzalin suppressed garlic germination in the first week, but the effect disappeared and there was no significant difference in germination percentage at 3 weeks after soaking. Treatment with 200 µM for 48 hours and 400 µM oryzalin for 24 hours induced putative polyploidy garlic, the morphological shoot showed higher and thicker leaves than control.