Oscillatory brain activity and maintenance of verbal and visual working memory: a systematic review

Pavlov, Yuri G.; Kochoubey, Boris

doi:10.31234/osf.io/mn53j

Cited by 23 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 119 publications

(202 reference statements)

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“…Similar to increased delay activity in lower frequency bands being associated with increased WM load (see (Pavlov & Kotchoubey, 2020), increased functional connectivity has also been reported (Payne & Kounios, 2009;Tóth et al, 2012;Zakrzewska & Brzezicka, 2014;Zhang et al, 2016) during WM maintenance. Connectivity is a method that is applied to both EEG and fMRI to estimate the degree of interaction between two brain regions (Fell & Axmacher, 2011;Fries, 2005) as well as provide insight into brain networks the underly WM maintenance (Gazzaley et al, 2004;Zhang et al, 2016).…”

Section: That Implicate Prefrontal Regions This Leaves Open the Quessupporting

confidence: 57%

“…Additionally, this anticipatory state is a critical time in which semantic information is accessed and supports the maintenance of the complex stimuli (Klimesch, 2012). Lower beta band ERD has also been associated with semantic processing (Hanslmayr et al, 2009), so alpha and low beta band activity may reflect complementary processes (Pavlov & Kotchoubey, 2020). Thus, the ERD observed in the latter half of the delay period of this experiment likely reflects preparation for the upcoming proberesponse through an extended period of maintenance (Plaska et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

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Interhemispheric Connectivity Supports Load-Dependent Working Memory Maintenance for Complex Visual Stimuli

Ortega

Gomes

et al. 2021

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An open question in the working memory (WM) field is how information is kept online during the WM delay period. Maintenance of simple stimuli in WM is supported by connectivity between frontal and parietal brain regions. How does delay period activity and connectivity support WM of complex stimuli? Twenty-two participants completed a modified Sternberg WM task with complex stimuli and were told to remember either 2 (low-load) or 5 (high-load) scenes while 32- channel scalp EEG was recorded. During the 6-sec delay period 6 phase-scrambled scenes were presented, which served as interference. While increasing the WM load, particularly with complex stimuli, places a greater demand on attentional resources, interfering stimuli may hijack the available resources. This was confirmed in the examination of theta and alpha amplitude, as amplitude was reduced for the high WM load as compared with the low WM load across frontal, central, and parietal regions. Delay period connectivity was assessed with phase-locking value (PLV). We identified 3 supporting networks that facilitated performance for the low-load condition: 1) increased PLV between left frontal and right posterior temporal in the theta and alpha bands; 2) increased PLV between right anterior temporal and left central in the alpha and lower beta bands; and 3) increased PLV between left anterior temporal and left posterior temporal in theta, alpha, and lower beta bands for the low-load condition. These results suggest that these brain networks facilitated the low-load WM by filtering of interference and the use of verbal rehearsal during the delay period.Impact StatementAlthough, studies of working memory maintenance with simple stimuli have suggested a role of frontal-parietal networks in supporting maintenance, the current study suggests that maintenance of complex visual stimuli with interference present is supported by interhemispheric frontal-posterior temporal and intrahemispheric left temporal region connectivity. These networks support maintenance by filtering of the interfering stimuli, which facilitates the use of verbal rehearsal strategies during the delay period.

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Section: That Implicate Prefrontal Regions This Leaves Open the Quessupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Interhemispheric Connectivity Supports Load-Dependent Working Memory Maintenance for Complex Visual Stimuli

Ortega

Gomes

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…For beta and theta rhythms the maximal model included Task and Load, Performance and all possible interactions as fixed effects, Participant as a grouping random intercept effect, and combination of Task, Load and their interactions as random slopes. For alpha activity fixed and random effects of Hemisphere (2 levels: left, right) were additionally included, because alpha frequently shows an asymmetry during delay period 59 . Performance was calculated as the mean percentage of correct answers averaged over all conditions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The electrophysiological underpinnings of variation in verbal working memory capacity

Pavlov

Kotchoubey

2020

Sci Rep

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Working memory (WM) consists of short-term storage and executive components. We studied cortical oscillatory correlates of these two components in a large sample of 156 participants to assess separately the contribution of them to individual differences in WM. The participants were presented with WM tasks of above-average complexity. Some of the tasks required only storage in WM, others required storage and mental manipulations. Our data indicate a close relationship between frontal midline theta, central beta activity and the executive components of WM. The oscillatory counterparts of the executive components were associated with individual differences in verbal WM performance. In contrast, alpha activity was not related to the individual differences. The results demonstrate that executive components of WM, rather than short-term storage capacity, play the decisive role in individual WM capacity limits.

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“…Maintaining content in WM requires collaboration within a widespread network of brain regions. The anatomical basis of WM was shown noninvasively with EEG / MEG (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9) and invasively with intracranial EEG (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19) and single unit recordings (19)(20)(21)(22).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The phase difference between the two signals indexes the coherence between each electrode pair and is expressed as the PLV. The PLV ranges between 0 and 1, with values approaching 1 if the two signals show a constant phase relationship over all trials.In our description of EEG frequency bands, we used theta (4-8 Hz), alpha(8)(9)(10)(11)(12) Hz), beta (12-24 Hz) and gamma (> 40 Hz), while the exact frequencies may differ in individual participants.…”

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confidence: 99%

Information flows from hippocampus to auditory cortex during replay of verbal working memory items

Dimakopoulos

Stieglitz

Mégevand

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: The maintenance of items in working memory (WM) relies on a widespread network of cortical areas and hippocampus where synchronization between electrophysiological recordings reflects functional coupling. We investigated the direction of information between sensory areas and hippocampus during encoding and maintenance of WM items. Methods: Participants (N=15) performed a WM task where a string of letters was presented all at once, thus separating the encoding period from the maintenance period. Participants mentally replayed the letters during maintenance. We recorded sEEG from the hippocampus, scalp EEG and, additionally in 3 participants, temporo-parietal ECoG. Results: When analyzing the information flow to and from auditory cortex by Granger causality, the flow was from ECoG over auditory cortex to hippocampus with a peak in the 12-24 Hz beta range while letters were presented, and this flow was subsequently reversed during maintenance, while letters were maintained in memory. The same pattern appeared to and from hippocampus with ECoG over temporo-parietal cortex. For scalp EEG, the pattern appeared on temporal sites, albeit in the 4-12 Hz theta-alpha range. While the pattern was significantly structured for correct trials, it was unstructured for incorrect trials. Conclusions: The functional interaction between hippocampus and cortex and the reversal of information flow provide a physiological basis for the encoding of memory items and their active replay during maintenance.

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Oscillatory brain activity and maintenance of verbal and visual working memory: a systematic review

Cited by 23 publications

References 119 publications

Interhemispheric Connectivity Supports Load-Dependent Working Memory Maintenance for Complex Visual Stimuli

Interhemispheric Connectivity Supports Load-Dependent Working Memory Maintenance for Complex Visual Stimuli

The electrophysiological underpinnings of variation in verbal working memory capacity

Information flows from hippocampus to auditory cortex during replay of verbal working memory items

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