OsHV 1 and notifiable protozoa in healthy Crassostrea corteziensis cultured in two distant areas of the Gulf of California

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Infectious diseases have been a major limiting factor for large scale production of oyster farming. Several factors have contributed to the emergence and spread of infectious diseases in all cultivation sites around the world. Therefore, the prevention and control of diseases has become a priority for the sustainability of global aquaculture. Crassostrea corteziensis is a native species that contributes to the Mexican Pacific oyster production and used in this study to assess seasonal simultaneous infective events between distant areas in the Gulf of California. The results of the molecular analysis showed a higher prevalence of Perkinsus marinus in the north area and Marteilia refringens in the south. OsHV-1 was only present in summer and autumn with low prevalence in the two areas. The histological analysis of the PCR-positive organisms presented alterations characteristic of infections. The presence of M. refringens in a new location on the Gulf of California suggests that this pathogen is already well established in the area and the dual presence of pathogens in C. corteziensis is reported for the first time.

Growth, survival, and morphometric relationships of Crassostrea corteziensis cultivated during the nursery stage in oyster bags at different tidal levels, in Boca de Camichín, Nayarit, Mexico

“…The mortality in our work, as mentioned before, was higher because of the large fluctuations of environmental variables rather than other factors. The occurrence of pathogenic agents has been reported in C. corteziensis from Nayarit (Cáceres-Martínez and Vázquez-Yeomans 2013, Martínez-García et al 2017). These include Perkinsus marinus (Cáceres-Martínez and Vásquez-Yeomans 2006, 2011Navarro-Barrera 2011), Herpesvirus type 1 (OsHV-1) (Martínez-García et al 2017), andMarteilia refringens (Grijalva-Chon et al 2015).…”

“…The occurrence of pathogenic agents has been reported in C. corteziensis from Nayarit (Cáceres-Martínez and Vázquez-Yeomans 2013, Martínez-García et al 2017). These include Perkinsus marinus (Cáceres-Martínez and Vásquez-Yeomans 2006, 2011Navarro-Barrera 2011), Herpesvirus type 1 (OsHV-1) (Martínez-García et al 2017), andMarteilia refringens (Grijalva-Chon et al 2015). In all cases the intensity of the infections was slightly too moderate and no evidence of unusual mortalities were found in the area (Cáceres-Martínez and Vázquez-Yeomans 2013).…”

“…La mortalidad de nuestro trabajo, como se mencionó anteriormente, fue mayor debido a las grandes fluctuaciones de las variables ambientales en lugar de otros factores. Se han reportado casos de presencia de agentes patógenos en C. corteziensis de Nayarit (Cáceres-Martínez y Vázquez-Yeomans 2013, Martínez-García et al 2017). Estos incluyen Perkinsus marinus (Cáceres-Martínez y Vásquez-Yeomans 2006, 2011Navarro-Barrera 2011), Herpesvirus tipo 1 (OsHV-1) (Martínez-García et al 2017) y Marteilia refringens (Grijalva-Chon et al 2015).…”

Perkinsus marinus in the pleasure oyster Crassostrea corteziensis cultivated on the southeast coast of the Gulf of California, Mexico

“…3). -Martínez et al (2008-Martínez et al ( , 2010-Martínez et al ( , 2012 and Martínez-García et al (2017) reported the occurrence of Perkinsus marinus in cultivated and wild bivalves along the north-central coast of the Mexican Pacific, suggesting a possible horizontal transmission of the pro- tozoan in the zone. In the present study, the protozoan P. marinus was detected in Crassostrea corteziensis from both oyster farms by the presence of characteristic round bluish-black hypnospores by RFTM assay (OIE, 2003).…”