Osmanli Devleti̇’ni̇n Si̇yasal Ve Toplumsal Anlayişi İçi̇nde Ekonomi̇k Yapinin Di̇nami̇kleri̇ni̇n İncelenmesi̇: Ahi̇li̇k Ve Lonca Teşki̇lati Örneği̇

Abstract

The Ottoman political tradition is a system composed of Islam, old Turkish, Byzantinian and Iranian traditions. At the center of the political arena is the sultan, who is to ensure social justice. The Ottoman society consisted of four elements that were expected to complement each other; military group, men of science and the pen, traders, manufacturers. The tax system is the basis of Ottoman social classification. The tax payer is called the flock (reaya).
 Ahilik (Brotherhood) and guilds are located at the intersection of the social and economic system. Ahilik was established with the principles and understandings of futuwwa. The first ahi in Anatolia was Ahi Evran. Ahilik gradually lost its influence due to the conditions of the age and left its place to guilds. The guilds, operating within the framework of the Ottoman's economic and political understanding, succumbed to European capitalism with industrialization. 
 The aim of this study is to determine the emergence of the Ahilik and guilds, which used to be one of the important dynamics of the socio-economic structure of the Ottoman Empire, and reveal for what socio-economic and political reasons they lost their function.