1974
DOI: 10.2307/3428200
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Osmium: An Appraisal of Environmental Exposure

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Cited by 17 publications
(22 citation statements)
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“…2 and 3), increasing PGE concentrations have been noted in ice cores (1,4) and snow (5)(6)(7) in remote regions. In general, all PGEs are immobile (8) except Os, which can form volatile OsO 4 during high-temperature industrial processes such as smelting of concentrated ores (9). Anthropogenic Os has been observed in estuaries (10,11), coastal sediments (12,13), and lakes (3).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…2 and 3), increasing PGE concentrations have been noted in ice cores (1,4) and snow (5)(6)(7) in remote regions. In general, all PGEs are immobile (8) except Os, which can form volatile OsO 4 during high-temperature industrial processes such as smelting of concentrated ores (9). Anthropogenic Os has been observed in estuaries (10,11), coastal sediments (12,13), and lakes (3).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…OsO 4 is classified as the most toxic vapor-phase airborne contaminant (OSHA 1993). Its toxicity results from its corrosive properties and includes mutagenesis, lung, liver, or kidney damage following inhalation and severe eye damage when exposed to vapor (Smith et al 1974;Najrana et al 2000;Singh and Krishna 2006). Despite its serious health effects, Os is frequently used as a fixative or for staining histological tissues for electron microscopy (Thiéry et al 1995).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Due to its oxidative power, OsO 4 is also used for the treatment of arthritis (Sheppeard and Ward 1980). In contact with organic material, Os forms compounds corresponding to various oxidation states, including the tetravalent dioxide (OsO 2 ) and the metal (McLaughlin 1946;Smith et al 1974). The environmental effects of Os are poorly understood, mainly due to the analytical challenges associated with Os determination at environmentally relevant levels.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The above results allow us to calculate an estimate of the quantity of osmium The residence time of OSO4 in the atmosphere is not known, but the high reactivity of this strongly oxidizing molecule tends to suggest that it is very short, being reduced on the first particle it collides with (22). Osmium is then most probably reduced to non-volatile dioxide or metal form that can be subsequently mobilized by weathering and deposited into sediments.…”
Section: Assessment Of Catalysts' Environmental Impactmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This basin is strongly influenced by riverine input (salinity of ~ [18][19][20][21][22], which prevents the recording of a seawater signature.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%