Osmolyte Diversity, Distribution, and Their Biosynthetic Pathways

Jawahar, Gandra; Rajasheker, G.; Parveda, Maheshwari; Punita, D. L.; Naravula, Jalaja; Kumari, P. Hima; Kumar, S. Anil; Afreen, Ruhi; Karumanchi, Appa Rao; Polavarapu, Rathnagiri; Sreenivasulu, Nese; Kishor, P. B. Kavi

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-816451-8.00028-9

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…The concentration of soluble sugars in the leaf tissues of stressed plants is always greater than in stems and plays a dual role in stressed plants as a tolerance characteristic, since they participate in metabolic events and dehydration [48]. According to [49], high levels of osmolyte accumulation in plants were well correlated with stress tolerance through the escape of radicals and protective enzymes. Soluble sugars are indicators of the degree of stress [50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparing Salt Tolerance at Seedling and Germination Stages in Local Populations of Medicago ciliaris L. to Medicago intertexta L. and Medicago scutellata L.

Mbarki

Skalický

Vachová

et al. 2020

Plants

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Salt stress is one of the most serious environmental stressors that affect productivity of salt-sensitive crops. Medicago ciliaris is an annual legume whose adaptation to agroclimatic conditions has not been well described. This study focused on the salinity tolerance of M. ciliaris genotypes compared to M. intertexta and M. scutellata in terms of plant growth, physiology, and biochemistry. Salt tolerance was determined at both germination and early seedling growth. Germination and hydroponic assays were used with exposing seeds to 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mM NaCl. Among seven genotypes of M. ciliaris studied, Pop1, 355, and 667, were most salt tolerant. Populations like 355 and 667 showed marked tolerance to salinity at both germination and seedling stages (TI ≤1, SI(FGP) > 0 increased FGP ≥ 20% and SI(DW) < 0 (DW decline ≤ 20%); at 100 mM); while Pop1 was the most salt tolerant one at seedling stages with (TI =1.79, SI(FGP) < 0 decline of FGP ≤ 40% and with increased DW to 79%); at 150 mM NaCl). The genotypes, 306, 773, and M. scutellata, were moderately tolerant to salt stress depending on salt concentration. Our study may be used as an efficient strategy to reveal genetic variation in response to salt stress. This approach allows selection for desirable traits, enabling more efficient applications in breeding methods to achieve stress-tolerant M. ciliaris populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soluble sugars are indicators of the degree of stress [50]. Because of their significant increase in severe stress, metabolic sugars such as glucose, galactose, sucrose, and fructose are determining factors in the osmotic adjustment for resistance to various stresses [49].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing Salt Tolerance at Seedling and Germination Stages in Local Populations of Medicago ciliaris L. to Medicago intertexta L. and Medicago scutellata L.

Mbarki

Skalický

Vachová

et al. 2020

Plants

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“…These osmoprotective compounds that maintain water balance through lowering osmotic potential include biocompounds/metabolites such as (i) carbohydrates (trehalose, glucose, sucrose, raffinose, fructose, fructans); (ii) sugar alcohols (polyols) such as glycerol, sorbitol, mannitol, (myo)-inositol, inositol isomers, or derivatives, e.g., methylated inositols, D-pinitol, and D-ononitol; (iii) amino acids like methyl-proline, proline, prolinebetaine, hydroxyproline betaine, pipecolic acid, choline O-sulfate, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA methylated tertiary N compounds), glycine betaine, β-alanine, β-alaninebetaine, glutamate, and methylamines; and (iv) tertiary sulphonium compounds, e.g., dimethylsulphoniopropionate (DMSP) and also ectoine, and proteins (e.g., heat shock proteins, LEA proteins, osmotin). Increased cellular accumulation of compounds with osmotic properties has been correlated with improved plant tolerance to osmotic/saline stresses (Gil-Oritz et al 2013;Flowers et al 2015;Singh et al 2015;Slama et al 2015;Vicente et al 2016;Hossain et al 2017;Jawahar et al 2019;Kido et al 2019;Medini et al 2019;Valenzuela-Soto and Figueroa-Soto 2019).…”

Section: Aaamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…agmatine, Agm; putrescine, Put; spermidine, Spd; spermine, Spm) was summarized by Sengupta et al (2016), Chen et al (2019), and Bueno and Cordovilla (2019). In addition, some aspects of biosynthesis of compatible solutes as well as osmolyte tissue-specific regulation and cellular compartmentation in glycophytes exposed to salinity and in halophytic families were reviewed by Flowers et al (2015), Slama et al (2015), Sengupta et al (2016), Jawahar et al (2019), and Nikalje et al (2019). Salt-responsive genes and salt-responsive transcription factors of halophytes were reported by Mishra and Tanna (2017), Nikalje et al (2017), Kido et al (2019), or Yuan et al (2019.…”

Section: Aaamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Osmoprotectant biosynthesis and/or functions can be linked to different metabolic processes/pathways (Jawahar et al 2019;Menendez et al 2019). For instance, Kurepin et al (2015) reviewed several studies that associate GB biosynthesis in chloroplasts requiring reduced ferredoxin with findings that link GB synthesis to photosynthetic electron transport.…”

Section: Nitrogen-containing Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Osmoprotectants and Nonenzymatic Antioxidants in Halophytes

Surówka

Hura

2020

Handbook of Halophytes

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Salt tolerance is a complex phenomenon leading to ionic imbalance, osmotic stress, and excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Halophytes developed a range of adaptations to tolerate disturbances in their redox homeostasis caused by high salinity alone or by its combination with other stresses. Osmoprotectants are universal molecules whose chemical structure allows them for making efficient osmotic adjustments and exerting antioxidant activity. Combining these two abilities, they become effective molecules that prevent membrane injury and stabilize proteins/enzymes under high concentrations of salts or other harmful solutes. Components of antioxidant systems together with some osmoprotectants act as ROS regulating networks. Selected compatible solutes (carbohydrates, polyols, amino acids, betaines, polyamines, phenols) (i) allow for balancing ROS level and redox status, (ii) are involved in ROSdependent signaling pathways, and (iii) activate the osmotic response network under salt stress. Osmolytes are also sources of carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and energy for cells. Through the interaction with other biocompounds and/or their involvement in different metabolic pathways/metabolic loops, they can modulate metabolic homeostasis, especially under environmental stresses, and thus affect plant salt tolerance.

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Halophiles and their adaptations: A comprehensive review on recent progress and prospects in biodesalination applications

Linekha,

Jeno,

Abirami

et al. 2024

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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Worldwide climate change, rising population, and industrialization have raised the global demand for freshwater. Desalinating brackish water has become a sustainable technology for drinking and agriculture to overcome global water scarcity. Thriving biodesalination technology has become more attractive and eco‐friendly than the present physicochemical desalination methods, which are expensive and energy‐intensive. Researchers are exploring the bioutilization of nature's potential for desalination using halophiles like haloarchaea, halobacteria, halophytic algae, and plants. Biomimetic desalination membranes have been developed, inspired by the desalination mechanism in animals. This comprehensive review explores recent advancements and potential applications of halophiles in biodesalination to exploit them effectively. It provides an overview of the opportunities and challenges associated with harnessing halophiles for the removal of salts from brackish and seawater sources. This review also focuses on insights into biomolecules produced by the halophilic microorganisms and halophytes in the desalination process. Understanding the mechanism of action of these biomolecules will edify the effective unexplored research areas in biomimicry and bioutilization to overcome the existing limitations in water treatment.

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Osmolyte Diversity, Distribution, and Their Biosynthetic Pathways

Cited by 17 publications

References 75 publications

Comparing Salt Tolerance at Seedling and Germination Stages in Local Populations of Medicago ciliaris L. to Medicago intertexta L. and Medicago scutellata L.

Comparing Salt Tolerance at Seedling and Germination Stages in Local Populations of Medicago ciliaris L. to Medicago intertexta L. and Medicago scutellata L.

Osmoprotectants and Nonenzymatic Antioxidants in Halophytes

Halophiles and their adaptations: A comprehensive review on recent progress and prospects in biodesalination applications

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