Osmoregulation in the Marine Diatom Cylindrotheca Fusiformis

Paul, John S.

doi:10.1111/j.1529-8817.1979.tb02639.x

Cited by 26 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…These include glutamic acid (Fujii et al, 1995;Nothnagel, 1995), alanine (Nothnagel, 1995), taurine (Jackson et al, 1992), glycine betaine (Dickson & Kirst, 1987), homarine (Dickson & Kirst, 1987;Nothnagel, 1995), cyclohexanetetrol (Fujii et al, 1995), glycerol (Dickson & Kirst, 1987) and mannose (Paul, 1979). In this study, another organic compound was found that may serve as a compatible solute.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Uptake and excretion of dimethylsulphoniopropionate is driven by salinity changes in the marine benthic diatomCylindrotheca closterium

Bergeijk

Zee

Stal

2003

European Journal of Phycology

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Long-term ( 4 14 d) and short-term ( 4 9 h) effects of salinity on the dimethylsulphoniopropionate (DMSP) content of the marine benthic diatom Cylindrotheca closterium were investigated. When grown in batch cultures at various salinities, intracellular DMSP increased from 13.8 to 823 mmol g 71 protein at salinities of 11 and 44 psu, respectively, but increasing salinity further did not result in a higher content. Instead, the concentration of the amino acid proline increased from 17.5 to 149.6 mmol g 71 protein when salinity increased from 33 to 55, indicating that this compound is more important than DMSP as an osmoprotectant at higher salinities. In addition, another, hitherto unidentified, compound increased strongly in response to salinity. During salinity up-and down-shock experiments, changes in the DMSP content of C. closterium corresponded with the changes in salinity. DMSP was excreted into the medium after salinity down-shock, while salinity upshock induced a slow synthesis of DMSP. However, C. closterium was also able to take up DMSP from the medium; the amount depended on the salinity difference applied. This is the first report of uptake of DMSP by an alga. The results demonstrate that synthesis of DMSP is too slow to be important for short-term acclimation and that its contribution to the intracellular osmotic potential of C. closterium is probably small. However, the observation that uptake of DMSP was faster after salinity up-shock from 11 to 33 than from 11 to 22, indicates that DMSP does have an osmoprotective function in C. closterium. Uptake of DMSP and other organic osmolytes from the environment may serve as a mechanism of osmoacclimation for diatoms living under highly fluctuating salinities in intertidal sediments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Uptake and excretion of dimethylsulphoniopropionate is driven by salinity changes in the marine benthic diatomCylindrotheca closterium

Bergeijk

Zee

Stal

2003

European Journal of Phycology

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“…Studies in vitro suggest that the polyols could serve as compatible solutes, acting as low-molecular-weight chaperones and as oxygen radical scavengers (Parida & Das, 2005). In diatoms, the only reported carbohydrates and polyols accumulating as a response to salinity increases are mannose in Cylindrotheca fusiformis, 1,2,4,5 cyclohexanetetrol in Chaetoceros muelleri, and glycerol in Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Paul, 1979;Dickson & Kirst, 1987b;Fujii et al, 1995). In the present investigation, mannose was found to exhibit the fastest response to low-salinity treatments in all three species.…”

Section: Importance Of Polyols Quaternary Ammonium and Tertiary Sulfmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Besides the free amino acids, several other organic osmolytes have been detected in marine and estuarine diatoms, such as glycine betaine (Dickson & Kirst, 1987b), homarine (Dickson & Kirst, 1987b;Nothnagel, 1995), cyclohexanetetrol (Fujii et al, 1995;Garza-Sa´nchez et al, 2009), glycerol (Dickson & Kirst, 1987b), and finally, mannose (Paul, 1979). While glycerol and mannose are direct products of photosynthesis, like sugars (e.g.…”

Section: Importance Of Polyols Quaternary Ammonium and Tertiary Sulfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compatible solutes in three marine intertidal microphytobenthic Wadden Sea diatoms exposed to different salinities

Scholz

Liebezeit

2012

European Journal of Phycology

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Diatoms inhabiting intertidal flats are subject to strongly changing salinities due to exposure to rain and desiccation at low tide. In order to determine the physiological responses of marine benthic diatoms to salinity changes, cultures of Navicula phyllepta, Achnanthes delicatula subsp. hauckiana and Nitzschia constricta, isolated from the Soltho¨rn tidal flat (lower Saxony, southern North Sea), were used to study the effect on growth rates of different salinities (0.5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50). During short (1, 3, 10, 60 min) and long exposures (30 days), the composition of free amino acids and the accumulation of polyols, saccharides, quaternary ammonium compounds and -dimethylsulphoniopropionate (DMSP) were determined. The growth rates of N. phyllepta were not affected by salinity in the tested range, synthesizing and accumulating proline as the only response to salinity increases in the growth medium. The growth responses of A. delicatula subsp. hauckiana were significantly weaker at the lowest and highest salinities in comparison to the control treatment (at a salinity of 30), producing proline, glycine betaine, glycerol and the quaternary ammonium compound homarine. In contrast, N. constricta showed the highest growth rate in the low-salinity treatment and the lowest proline concentrations in the high-salinity assay in comparison to the other species. In addition, N. constricta was the only species that synthesized the tertiary sulphonium compound DMSP. Furthermore, results from the salinity treatments showed particular similarities in compound accumulation. While quaternary ammonium compounds as well as DMSP were synthesized during high-salinity treatments, polyols and carbohydrates were found predominantly in the low-salinity experiments. Enzyme activities specific to proline metabolism in A. delicatula and N. constricta indicated that the high salinity-induced free proline accumulation may be due to a stimulation of synthesis via the ornithine pathway, whereas in N. phyllepta the glutamate pathway may contribute significantly to the free proline accumulation. In conclusion, significant differences in osmolyte compositions were found in the three diatom species during exposure to different salinities, suggesting specific intracellular acclimation processes that provide possible explanations of the species' insensitivity towards environmental short-time salinity variations.

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“…In diatoms, the only carbohydrate reported to accumulate as a response to salinity increases is mannose, in Cylindrotheca fusiformis (Paul, 1979). Mannose accumulation was also recorded in relation to temperature fluctuations in our previous studies on microphytobenthic diatoms (Scholz & Liebezeit, 2013).…”

Section: Uv Effects On Carbohydrate Compositionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Effects of UV radiation on five marine microphytobenthic Wadden sea diatoms, isolated from the Solthörn tidal flat (Lower Saxony, southern North Sea) – Part II: changes in carbohydrate, amino acid and fatty acid composition

Scholz

Rúa

Liebezeit

2014

European Journal of Phycology

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Osmoregulation in the Marine Diatom Cylindrotheca Fusiformis

Cited by 26 publications

References 12 publications

Uptake and excretion of dimethylsulphoniopropionate is driven by salinity changes in the marine benthic diatomCylindrotheca closterium

Uptake and excretion of dimethylsulphoniopropionate is driven by salinity changes in the marine benthic diatomCylindrotheca closterium

Compatible solutes in three marine intertidal microphytobenthic Wadden Sea diatoms exposed to different salinities

Effects of UV radiation on five marine microphytobenthic Wadden sea diatoms, isolated from the Solthörn tidal flat (Lower Saxony, southern North Sea) – Part II: changes in carbohydrate, amino acid and fatty acid composition

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