Osmoregulatory adaptation in pregnancy and its disorders

Monson, John P.; Williams, David

doi:10.1677/joe.0.1320007

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…During pregnancy, in some species (man, rat), but not in others (goat, sheep), there is a decrease in plasma osmolality (POSmoi) (Lindheimer et al 1989;Monson & Williams, 1992;Wintour, 1991). In the pregnant woman this decrease in POSmoi begins early in preg¬ nancy, by gestational week 5, it reaches a nadir by week 10, and returns to normal by 2 weeks post par¬ tum (Lindheimer et al 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relaxin alters the plasma osmolality-arginine vasopressin relationship in the rat

Weisinger

Burns²,

Eddie³

et al. 1993

Journal of Endocrinology

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During pregnancy, in women and the rat, there is a resetting of the plasma osmolality-arginine vasopressin relationship (P(osmol)/PAVP) such that a decrease in P(osmol) is maintained without suppression of PAVP. This occurs at a time when relaxin is detectable in plasma. The hypothesis tested here was that relaxin could alter the P(osmol)/PAVP in the non-pregnant rat. One group of ovariectomized rats (n = 15) was treated for 7 days with intravenous synthetic human relaxin (10 micrograms/h) in 10 microliters 0.9% (w/v) NaCl. Controls were two groups of rats either with no treatment (n = 15) or treated with vehicle alone (n = 15). One-third of each group received hypertonic saline (0.4 mol NaCl/l, 2 ml/100 g body weight i.p.) on day 7, and one-third were deprived of water for the final 24 h. All rats were killed by decapitation and blood was collected rapidly (< 40 s) for hormone and osmolality assays. The P(osmol) in all relaxin-treated rats was significantly (P < 0.001) lower than that in both control groups, but the PAVP was unchanged. The log PAVP/P(osmol) regression line was significantly shifted in elevation (P < 0.001) but not in slope. Thus treatment of ovariectomized rats with relaxin caused changes in fluid balance which mimic those occurring in normal pregnancy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relaxin alters the plasma osmolality-arginine vasopressin relationship in the rat

Weisinger

Burns²,

Eddie³

et al. 1993

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Transient diabetes insipidus during pregnancy has been recognized for over 200 years (Bellot & Brougniart, 1792). Suggested aetiological mechanisms (Monson & Williams, 1992) have included:…”

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confidence: 99%

Pathophysiology of transient cranial diabetes insipidus during pregnancy

Williams

Metcalfe

Skingle

et al. 1993

Clinical Endocrinology

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These studies indicate that subclinical cranial diabetes insipidus may be unmasked in late pregnancy. This effect is not related to AVP resistance resulting from PGE2 production or excessive vasopressinase activity, but may be due to a combination of physiological vasopressinase secretion with reduced AVP secretory capacity and reduction in the thirst threshold that accompanies normal pregnancy. We relate these findings to a previously described group of women with transient diabetes insipidus during pregnancy who had impaired liver function.

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“…The most important of these include an expansion in blood volume and plasma volume 1,3,4,10 , decrease in blood pressure 3,4,10 , increase in renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration 3,4 , increase in cardiac output 4,10 , retention of sodium 3 and decrease in plasma albumin 10,11 . As in normal pregnancy, retention of sodium 4,5 occurs and there is a reduction in plasma albumin, although to much greater levels than in normal pregnancy 1,5,11 . As in normal pregnancy, retention of sodium 4,5 occurs and there is a reduction in plasma albumin, although to much greater levels than in normal pregnancy 1,5,11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The normal osmolality of the blood plasma is 275-295 mOsmol/kg. There appears to be an early decrease in serum osmolality of approximately 5-10 mOsmol/kg 1,5,6 . Maternal plasma osmolality and sodium levels are actively reset to lower levels in pregnancy 2,7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%