Osseous genioplasty: A case series

Abstract

Introduction:The chin (mentum) is vital to the human facial morphology as it contributes to the facial aesthetics and harmony both on frontal and lateral views. Osseous genioplasty, the alteration of the chin through skeletal modification, can lead to significant enhancement of the overall facial profile.Aim and Study Design:A case series was designed to study the long-term results of osseous genioplasty in Indian patients with regard to patient satisfaction, complications, and long-term stability.Materials and Methods:All subjects who underwent osseous genioplasty either alone or as a component of orthognathic surgery between January 1992 and December 2010, with a minimum follow-up of 2 years, were included. The genioplasty was performed using standard protocols of assessment and execution. Post-operative evaluation included patient satisfaction, complications and radiological evidence of long-term stability. A comprehensive score was formulated for the purpose of the study.Results:Thirty-seven subjects underwent osseous genioplasty with at least 2 years of follow-up in the study period. This included 17 male and 20 female subjects, with a mean age of 22.8 years (15-52 years) and a mean follow-up of 3 years 4 months (2 years to 4 years and 11 months). Nineteen subjects underwent isolated genioplasty while 18 underwent genioplasty as a part of orthognathic surgery. The procedures included advancement (22), pushback (9), side-to-side (4) and vertical reduction (2) genioplasty. Thirty-six subjects (97.3%) were extremely pleased with the results with only one subject expressing reservations, without, however, demanding any further procedure. There were no significant complications. The osteotomised segment was well maintained in its new position with good bony union and minimal resorption. Overall, 35 (94.6%) cases had excellent results and 2 (4.4%) cases had good results, according to the comprehensive score.Conclusions:Osseous genioplasty is a safe and effective means of creating a beautiful and balanced facial profile by producing alterations in the chin morphology with minimal complications and excellent and stable long-term results.

Our Outcomes of Augmentation Mentoplasty with Solid Silicone

“…In general, for a defect that the patient is not aware of or is uncomfortable with, to propose surgery is neither economically nor ethically proper, except for augmentation mentoplasty. In the present study, all of our cases were unaware that they had retrognathic jaws (6,7). In the past, surgeons frequently preferred autograft materials.…”

“…It should be noted that mentoplasty is an elective surgical procedure and should be applied on patients with hemodynamic stability considering comorbid factors. For instance, tobacco use, although it is not acknowledged as a contraindication for this procedure, should be taken into consideration since smoking increases complication risks, causes delays in wound healing, and reduces graft success if autograft is to be used (7,15). In addition, for patients who will undergo mentoplasty, not only the lower part of the face but also the maxillofacial development, facial skeletal morphology, state of the teeth, and relation of the teeth to the jaw should be evaluated.…”

“…Human jaw has different morphologies, such as vertical (micro or macrognathia), sagittal (retrognathia or prognathism), and transverse (symmetrical or asymmetric) planes (3)(4)(5)(6). These different morphologies can sometimes be a presentation of craniofacial anomaly (7). Mentoplasty can be applied in two ways: osseous and alloplastic augmentation.…”

The role of double‐step advancement genioplasty and bilateral coronoidectomy in Nager Syndrome: A case report

“…A well‐aligned, symmetrical, and well‐projected mentum, along with the nose and malar eminences, are recognized aesthetic landmarks of the human face 14 . Due to NS, individuals may present severe micrognathia.…”

Effect of Location of Genioplasty Osteotomy Line on Hard- and Soft-Tissue Contour of the Chin and Related Complications

“…To overcome this problem, one method is to use heterogeneous materials such as autogenous bone or cartilage, allograft or xenograft bone, poly-ethylene materials, or hydroxyapatite to fill the gap in bone [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25]. Deshpande et al [26] stated that to prevent irregularity in the inferior border of the mandible, after making the osteotomy cut in the chin and fixation of segments, the inferior border of the mandible should be palpated to find the step, if present, and smoothen it with bur [26].…”