Osteoarthritis in the neonate: risk factors and outcome

Abstract

Osteoarticular infection is unusual in the neonate; however it is associated with an elevated incidence of sequelae. This mandates for a high degree of suspicion to diagnose this potentially disabling entity.

Bone and joint infections in infants under three months of age

“…This study was one of the six that have specifically focused on BJI in infants under three months of age in the last 25 years. The main results of these six studies are presented in Table . Other past publications on this topic have focused on newborn infants or premature infants or presented case studies .…”

“…Very few studies have focused on BJIs in newborn infants and young infants and most of those concerned nosocomial infections. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common pathogen in those studies, with rates ranging from 36 to 76% of the documented cases .…”

“…Bone and joint infections (BJI) are rare in infants under three months of age. Diagnosis is difficult at this age, and there is a risk of orthopaedic complications and functional sequelae . Very few studies have focused on BJIs in newborn infants and young infants and most of those concerned nosocomial infections.…”

Potentiation of the in vitro Antistaphylococcal Effect of Oxacillin and Tetracycline by the Anti-Inflammatory Drug Diacetyl Rhein

“…Since diacetyl rhein is an anti-inflammatory drug recommended for the treatment of osteoarthritis [13,16], our data showing its potent synergistic antistaphylococcal action with oxacillin and the additive effect with tetracycline suggest the combination of this compound with β-lactams or tetracyclines as a possible treatment for S. aureus -infected patients, especially those with musculoskeletal infections related to the inflammatory disorders such as septic arthritis [26], osteomyelitis [27] and artificial graft infections [28,29]. Despite the numerous clinical trials confirming its efficacy, safety and tolerability by humans [13,16], the use of diacetyl rhein has recently been restricted in the EU for the elderly and liver disease patients in order to minimize the risks of severe diarrhea and potentially harmful effects on the liver [30].…”

Applications and challenges of using 3D printed implants for the treatment of birth defects

“…SA is a bacterial infection that causes joint inflammation, which may escalate into acute conditions that necessitate the need for limb amputation. SA in newborns are commonly caused by streptococcal infections acquired at birth from the infant's exposure to the pathogenic microorganisms that colonize the maternal birth canal (Berberian et al, ; Petrea & Candussi, ). To minimize or eliminate limb deficiencies associated with infant amputees, prosthetic restoration is utilized to improve the patient's functional abilities (Rosenfelder, ).…”