Osteoarthritis of the joints of the hands. Review of clinical recommendations

Abstract

The article discusses the prevalence of osteoarthritis of the joints of the hands. The modern aspects of pathogenesis and the leading role of inflammation in it are highlighted. The article assesses the risk factors for osteoarthritis of the joints of the hands. According to recent studies, one of the important factors that increase the risk of developing osteoarthritis of the joints of the hands are gender (in premenopausal women, due to a decrease in estrogen levels, a higher risk of developing osteoarthritis of the joints of the hands is determined compared to men of the same age) and obesity as one of the causes of systemic inflammation. The article draws attention to studies studying a wide range of serum biomarkers with diagnostic and prognostic value, as well as the role of synovitis imaging as a factor contributing to the progression of the disease. The article also discusses the latest recommendations of the leading professional communities of EULAR and ARC on the treatment of patients with osteoarthritis of the joints of the hands. According to modern principles, the treatment of patients should include a combination of pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods and is aimed not only at reducing pain and improving the functional state of the joints, the quality of life of patients, but also at preventing / slowing the progression of the disease. Attention is also drawn to the main provisions on the rational use of NSAIDs by leading Russian associations and communities, which focus on possible adverse reactions of NSAIDs. The article pays great attention to the use of chondroitin sulfate as a substance recommended for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the joints of the hands by leading international communities. The authors present the results of a number of studies proving the safety and effectiveness of the use of chondroitin sulfate in osteoarthritis of the joints of the hands.