Osteoblasts Cultured from Osteoporotic Bone: A Comparative Investigation on Human and Animal‐Derived Cells

Abstract

In vitro studies on pathophysiology and innovative treatments of many orthopaedic diseases, based on the investigations of cells from pathologic skeletal tissues, greatly improve basic knowledge of osteoporosis. Primary osteoblast (OB) cultures derived from osteopenic bone from different species (human, rat, sheep) were compared to assess the differences that should be taken into account when performing in vitro biocompatibiliy tests or investigating pharmacological and physical treatments. Primary OB were isolated from osteopenic patients and animals by well-established methods and their metabolism was assessed with or without 1,25(OH)2D3. The greatest significant differences were observed between rat and human cells both under basal conditions and after 1,25(OH)2D3 stimulation. In addition, the response to 1,25(OH)2D3 stimulation of OBs from osteopenic rats was significantly different from that of human and sheep OB cultures, in terms of NO, OC, IL-6, and TGF-beta1. Cells derived from osteopenic sheep behaved much more similarly to those from humans, except for a significant difference in terms of TGF-beta1 observed both under basal conditions and after stimulation.

Effect of IL‐1β, PGE2, and TGF‐β1 on the expression of OPG and RANKL in normal and osteoporotic primary human osteoblasts

“…Moreover, in our study, PGE 2 failed to significantly affect OPG gene expression whereas other studies found an inhibitory effect [Brandstrom et al, 1998;Sakata et al, 2002;Liu et al, 2006]. Different cell sources and/or different cell culture environments might explain these apparently opposite results [Torricelli et al, 2003]. In this regard, Hofbauer et al [1998] have suggested that the osteoblastic cell type seems to determine the response capacity to a hormone or cytokine.…”

Effects of tacrolimus, cyclosporin A and sirolimus on MG63 cells

“…On the other hand, species‐specific effects of the immunosuppressants are probable, due to their individual mechanisms of action. Therefore, a transfer of results from animal experiments seems problematic [34,35]. This study analysed the effects of tacrolimus, cyclosporin A and sirolimus for the first time independently of co‐medications and underlying diseases in vitro , using the human osteoblast cell line MG63 [36,37].…”

Distinct Cell Functions of Osteoblasts on UV-Functionalized Titanium- and Zirconia-Based Implant Materials Are Modulated by Surface Topography

“…These differences were most likely related to the cell source and phenotype responding to the given experimental conditions. [17][18][19][20][21] For instance, cell cultures using osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells derived from different species on microstructured titanium surfaces showed that cell reactions were influenced by surface chemistry and each cell type displayed different preferences in terms of chemical surface properties for optimal function, 22 while human bone marrow stromal cells derived from iliac crest and alveolar bone were shown to exhibit individual characteristics in terms of differentiation potential depending on their anatomical location. 23 In addition, preliminary experiments conducted by the own group revealed cell source-dependent differences in cell adhesion and morphogenesis between human mesenchymal stem cells and primary human osteoblasts in threedimensional scaffolds.…”