Osteogenesis around CaP‐coated titanium implants visualized using 3D histology and micro‐computed tomography

Abstract

Calcium phosphate (CaP) coatings can enhance the performance of bone implants in compromised conditions, such as osteoporosis. Therefore, this study compared non-coated vs. CaP-coated (n = 8) titanium implants in osteoporotic ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Bone volume (BV) was assessed using micro-computer tomography (micro-CT) and three-dimensional (3D) histology, in three zones from the implant surface. Bone remodeling was assessed using fluorochrome labels and osteoclast staining. Micro-CT and 3D histology showed a BV reduction in OVX animals, of respectively 22.4 and 10.5%. BV was significantly increased inside all zones around CaP coatings, especially in the inner zone of the OVX animals. Fluorochrome labels were predominantly seen when the coating was applied. Osteoclasts were mainly found in the area remote from the surface of non-coated implants in control animals. For the coated implants, osteoclasts were distributed evenly, and present in direct vicinity of the surface. In conclusion, 3D histology is a suitable technique to obtain data and insight into bone architecture around implants at relatively high resolution. Bone formation was significantly reduced in osteoporotic animals. CaP coatings resulted in a higher BV directly around implants installed in osteoporotic animals, enhanced turnover, and a shift of remodeling activity toward the implant surface.

Effect of platelet‐rich plasma on peri‐implant trabecular bone volume and architecture: A preclinical micro‐CT study in beagle dogs

“…Three-dimensional X-ray imaging ways, such as micro-CT and synchrotron micro-CT in preclinical and CBCT in clinical, have been applied to detect the trabecular structure and thus to quantify osseointegration at the interface of bone and implants, which already show their potentials in accuracy, reliability, and non-destructive than the traditional histological ways (Arvidsson et al, 2015;Becker et al, 2015;Corpas Ldos et al, 2011;Muller et al, 1998). Routinely, bone regeneration is examined in a 500 μm zone from the implant surface either in a radiographic way (Cuijpers et al, 2014) or in a histological way (Romanos et al, 2003).…”

“…Recently, with the help of a 2D‐3D matching algorithm, a high level of agreement has been reported between histology and micro‐CT techniques for bone areas as well as of bone‐implant contact in corresponding slices (Becker, Stauber, Schwarz, & Beißbarth, ). Moreover, micro‐CT (Cuijpers et al, ; Fang, Ding, Wang, & Zhu, ) and synchrotron micro‐CT (Sarve et al, , Arvidsson et al, ) were further employed to assess trabecular architectures around dental implants, which has also been validated by comparing with 2D histological way (Bissinger et al, ).…”

Lipoxin suppresses inflammation via the TLR4/MyD88/NF‐κB pathway in periodontal ligament cells

“…The fluorescence intensity of secondary antibody was measured using Fiji 1.51n in‐built software on fluorescence micrographs of PDLCs obtained without DAPI nuclear staining. The relative fluorescence intensity compared with control was quantified for each condition under identical threshold settings of color, saturation, and brightness ( n = 3) (Cuijpers et al., ).…”

Comparison of three imaging modalities used to evaluate bone healing after tibial tuberosity advancement in cranial cruciate ligament-deficient dogs and comparison of the effect of a gelatinous matrix and a demineralized bone matrix mix on bone healing – a pilot study

“…Ultrasonographic union has been defined as a complete hyperoechic bridge with acoustic shadowing and validated using histology [ 15 – 17 ]. Although CT is rarely used to diagnose fracture healing with only two prospective studies published [ 18 ], it has been extensively used to follow up bone osteogenesis [ 27 – 30 ]. Furthermore, it can quantify bone healing by measuring Hounsfield units (HUs) [ 19 , 27 ], which could make it an excellent method to evaluate an osteotomy union objectively.…”