Osteogenic growth peptide enhances osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells

Dissecting specific Wnt components governing osteogenic differentiation potential by human periodontal ligament stem cells through interleukin-6

“…As a potential cell resource, hPDLSCs can promote osteogenesis and reconstruction of periodontal tissue or implantation 64 due to excellent osteogenic differentiation potential and bone matrix production 25 , 65 . According to the International Society for Cellular Therapy 66 , hPDLSCs and MSCs share some common characteristics, as described in our previous reports 30 , 32 . The hPDLSCs in the present study were characterized by spindle-shaped morphology, mRNA markers of stemness and proliferative capacity, MSC-related surface markers, colony-forming capacity, and the potential to differentiate into osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic lineages.…”

“…Three analytic approaches were used to confirm these findings: gene silencing, recombinant Wnt, and β-catenin stabilization/translocation. However, the mechanisms underlying osteogenic differentiation of MSCs vary among different species and tissue origins 32 , 69 – 75 , which may explain the various signaling pathways employed by IL-6 for osteogenic differentiation and stemness properties 24 – 26 , 76 – 78 . Furthermore, a previous study reported that IL-6 employed the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2-dependent pathway to maintain the stemness of hBM-MSCs in vitro 40 , while another found that IL-6 downregulated SRY-box transcription factor 2 expression, which subsequently impaired the multipotency of hBM-MSCs with commitment toward the osteogenic lineage, as demonstrated by upregulation of osteogenic mRNA markers 68 .…”

“…The hPDLSCs used in this study were obtained from the healthy extracted wisdom tooth of female and male subjects, aged 18–35 years, who visited the clinic for non-orthodontic reasons. The isolation protocol was modified from previous reports 25 , 32 , 84 , 85 . The hPDLSCs were isolated via the tissue explant technique.…”

“…Interleukin (IL)-6 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays a pivotal role in inflammation and cellular properties, such as the multilineage differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) 20 , 23 – 27 . Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs), which maintain the alveolar bone and periodontal tissues, exhibit multilineage differentiation potential toward endodermal, mesodermal, and ectodermal lineages, suggesting cell plasticity 28 – 32 . hPDLSCs were firstly isolated in 2004 33 , and expressed profile that similar to MSCs including CD13, CD29, CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105, CD106, CD146, CD166, STRO-1, STRO-3, SSEA-1, SSEA-4, OCT4 , REX1 , NANOG , Ki67 and lacked of CD11b, CD14, CD31, CD33, CD34, CD45, CD133, CD144, CD79, CD19, and HLA-DR 32 , 34 – 36 .…”

“…Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs), which maintain the alveolar bone and periodontal tissues, exhibit multilineage differentiation potential toward endodermal, mesodermal, and ectodermal lineages, suggesting cell plasticity 28 – 32 . hPDLSCs were firstly isolated in 2004 33 , and expressed profile that similar to MSCs including CD13, CD29, CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105, CD106, CD146, CD166, STRO-1, STRO-3, SSEA-1, SSEA-4, OCT4 , REX1 , NANOG , Ki67 and lacked of CD11b, CD14, CD31, CD33, CD34, CD45, CD133, CD144, CD79, CD19, and HLA-DR 32 , 34 – 36 . Upon exposure to various stimuli, hPDLSCs are crucial for maintenance and homeostasis of surrounding tissues 37 , 38 .…”