2021
DOI: 10.3390/cells10061529
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Osteoimmuno-Oncology: Therapeutic Opportunities for Targeting Immune Cells in Bone Metastasis

Abstract: Immunotherapies provide a potential treatment option for currently incurable bone metastases. Bone marrow is an important secondary lymphoid organ with a unique immune contexture. Even at non-disease state immune cells and bone cells interact with each other, bone cells supporting the development of immune cells and immune cells regulating bone turnover. In cancer, tumor cells interfere with this homeostatic process starting from formation of pre-metastatic niche and later supporting growth of bone metastases.… Show more

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Cited by 15 publications
(13 citation statements)
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References 196 publications
(261 reference statements)
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“…It is not surprising, however, that bone-targeted therapies also display systemic immunological effects, regarding the interactions between immune and bone cells, which can partially cause eliminatory anti-tumor effects. Indeed, zoledronic acid and denosumab can modulate immune cells activity, such as γδ T cells, macrophages, and CD4 + Tregs, in many different types of cancer, including breast cancer, leading to an increase in T-cellmediated anti-tumor cytotoxic effects [135]. Moreover, the knowledge about how current treatments affect the immune landscape in bone metastatic microenvironment is scarcely known.…”
Section: Preclinical and Clinical Implicationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is not surprising, however, that bone-targeted therapies also display systemic immunological effects, regarding the interactions between immune and bone cells, which can partially cause eliminatory anti-tumor effects. Indeed, zoledronic acid and denosumab can modulate immune cells activity, such as γδ T cells, macrophages, and CD4 + Tregs, in many different types of cancer, including breast cancer, leading to an increase in T-cellmediated anti-tumor cytotoxic effects [135]. Moreover, the knowledge about how current treatments affect the immune landscape in bone metastatic microenvironment is scarcely known.…”
Section: Preclinical and Clinical Implicationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This term defines all the direct and indirect relations between the immunity of bone tissues and its crosstalk with bone cancer development and metastasis formation. Notably, OIO includes all the specific therapeutic targets which can be adopted to contrast bone tumors and bone tissue metastatic expansion [14].…”
Section: Metastatic Expansion: New Mechanisms and Future Directionsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Bone marrow represents a unique immune microenvironment containing a complex composition of immune cells that may actually provide an immune-privileged niche for disseminated tumor cells [ 280 ]. The diverse interplay between immune cells and the skeletal system has been extensively reviewed elsewhere [ 281 , 282 , 283 ]. Importantly, tumor cells can create an immunosuppressive bone metastatic microenvironment, which leads to low response rates to different cancer therapies [ 84 ].…”
Section: Diagnosis and Therapy Of Bone Metastasesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Furthermore, it is important to note that immunotherapies are associated with skeletal-related adverse effects such as compression of the spinal cord, or fractures and lesions caused by increased bone resorption [ 304 , 305 ]. Recently, the concept of osteoimmuno-oncology has been introduced, which takes into account the interactions between tumor, immune and bone cells in the bone microenvironment and may thus provide the basis for the development of more effective immunotherapies against bone metastasis in the future [ 281 ].…”
Section: Diagnosis and Therapy Of Bone Metastasesmentioning
confidence: 99%