“…Contraindications to DCE include chronic pain from severe (grade III or higher) AC joint separations or in grade II injuries associated with hypermobility. 7,10,12,56,58 DCE may be performed either arthroscopically or as an open procedure. The advantages of the open technique include technical ease and the ability to reapproximate, imbricate, or repair the AC joint capsule, which may be of value in posttraumatic AC joint arthritis with possible occult instability.…”