Osteomalacia Associated With Anticonvulsant Drug Therapy in Mentally Retarded Children

Tolman, Keith G.; Jubiz, William; Sannella, Joseph J.; Madsen, Jack A.; Belsey, Richard; Goldsmith, Ralph S.; Freston, James W.

doi:10.1542/peds.56.1.45

Cited by 130 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Weight Z‐score is the best correlate of bone mineral density Z‐score in these children (57). Limited ambulation, increased duration of anticonvulsant therapy, and reduced sun exposure contribute to the pathogenesis of osteopenia (56‐61). Dietary calcium, vitamin D, and phosphorus intakes are below the DRI in 50% to 80% of these children (31,60,61).…”

Section: Osteopeniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition Support for Neurologically Impaired Children

Marchand

Motil²

2006

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

137

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Undernutrition, growth failure, overweight, micronutrient deficiencies, and osteopenia are nutritional comorbidities that affect the neurologically impaired child. Monitoring neurologically impaired children for nutritional comorbidities is an integral part of their care. Early involvement by a multidisciplinary team of physicians, nurses, dieticians, occupational and speech therapists, psychologists, and social workers is essential to prevent the adverse outcomes associated with feeding difficulties and poor nutritional status. Careful evaluation and monitoring of severely disabled children for nutritional problems are warranted because of the increased risk of nutrition-related morbidity and mortality.

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Section: Osteopeniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition Support for Neurologically Impaired Children

Marchand

Motil²

2006

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

137

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“…Craniofacial contribution of fibrous dysplasia is frequent, with 10% to 27% of monostotic patients and up to 50% of polyostotic patients having an association with one or more craniofacial bones. Fibrous dysplasia is initiated mainly by a mutation in GNAS 1 α [ 7 , 8 ]. The lesions' radiographic unique features depend on the condition's phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric Benign Fibro-Osseous Lesions of the Nose and Paranasal Sinuses: A Tertiary Hospital Experience

Arfaj

Alenzi²,

Almomen

et al. 2022

International Journal of Otolaryngology

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Background. Pediatric benign fibro-osseous lesions of the nose and paranasal sinuses are considered rare neoplastic entities. These fibro-osseous lesions are difficult to accomplish owing to the multifaceted anatomy of the skull base in addition to the closeness to neurovascular configurations. Objective. The study aimed to study different clinical presentations, radiological manifestations, surgical management, and consequences of different benign fibro-osseous lesions in the pediatric age groups. Methods and Settings. This is a case series study of a single-center experience. Results. Four different cases were presented and discussed (osteoma, fibrous dysplasia, and ossifying fibroma. Conclusion. We reported four different cases of osteoma, ossifying fibroma, and fibrous dysplasia. All of these cases were managed endoscopically with no postoperative complications. Endoscopic management is considered highly effective with reduced morbidity. Preoperative radiographic studies are highly essential for diagnosis and operative planning.

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“…Early reports suggested that 12% to 65% of epileptic patients have abnormal bone mineral density (Hahn et al 1972, Mosekilde et al 1977, Petty et al 2005, Stephen et al 1999). Enzyme inducers and non‐enzyme inducers cause abnormalities in calcium metabolism, including hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, elevated serum alkaline phosphatase, serum parathyroid hormone and low vitamin D (Pack et al 2003, Andress et al 2002, Boluk et al 2004, Christiansen et al 1973, Richens and Rower 1970, Tolman et al 1975, Berr et al 1983, Marshall et al 1996, Farhat et al 2002). The consequences of fractures include hospitalization, loss of independence and death.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone mineral density following long‐term use of antiepileptic drugs in a tropical Asian country

Phabphal

Limapichat²,

Sathirapanya³

et al. 2008

Epileptic Disorders

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The objective of this study was to investigate bone mineral density (BMD) in Thai epileptics who had been receiving long‐term, antiepileptic drugs. Subjects were epileptic patients aged 15 to 50 years who had been taking antiepileptic drugs for longer than six months. All were free of disease and none was taking any medication that might interfere with bone metabolism other than antiepileptic drugs. BMD at the left femoral neck and spine was measured with dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry. Demographic data, basic laboratory studies and history of clinical epilepsy were obtained. One hundred and thirty patients (63 males and 67 females) were included. Mean age (+ SD) was 31.9 ± 9.7 year. There were 79 patients receiving monotherapy and 51 patients receiving polytherapy. All patients had normal serum calcium. Thirteen patients had slightly low serum phosphate levels. The BMD at the femoral neck had a mean Z‐score – 0.15 ± 1.17 and the mean Z‐score at the lumbar spine was – 0.56 ± 1.03. Thirty one patients had osteopenia at the spine and 30 patients at the femoral neck. Three patients had osteoporosis of the spine and 1 patient of the femoral neck. There was found to be no significant correlation between age, sex, body mass index, duration of treatment and type of antiepileptic drug with bone mineral density at the femur and spine. The mean BMD of long‐term antiepileptic users was lower than that of the sex and age‐adjusted mean.

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Osteomalacia Associated With Anticonvulsant Drug Therapy in Mentally Retarded Children

Cited by 130 publications

References 0 publications

Nutrition Support for Neurologically Impaired Children

Nutrition Support for Neurologically Impaired Children

Pediatric Benign Fibro-Osseous Lesions of the Nose and Paranasal Sinuses: A Tertiary Hospital Experience

Bone mineral density following long‐term use of antiepileptic drugs in a tropical Asian country

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