Osteopenia

Hung, Vivian Wing Yin; Qin, Ling; Cheung, C. Sherman; Lam, TP; Ng, Benjamin; Tse, Yee Kit; Guo, Xia; Lee, K.M.; Cheng, Jack C. Y.

doi:10.2106/jbjs.d.02782

Cited by 100 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Based on their observational study, Cheng et al [8] acclaimed that DXA BMC of the lumbar spine is a reliable parameter in the assessment of bone mineral status for patients with scoliosis, although the lumbar spinal BMD may be underestimated due to the projected spinal bone area varies with the degree of rotational deformity of the scoliotic spine [14]. To minimize this error, an angulated analysis tool specially designed for BMD measurements of the lumbar spine was applied in their scoliosis researches [21]. To avoid adverse effect of the rotational component of the scoliosis, the interactive use of an operator-selected sub region of interest was performed [38].…”

Section: Methods Of the Bmd Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No significant effect of curve pattern, the degree of Cobb angle and curve progression on BMD were reported in four [4,11,38,41], six [4,7,9,11,38,41], and three [3,11,41] published articles, respectively. However, significant effects of the degree of Cobb angle and curve progression on the BMD values in AIS patients were shown in two recent studies [21,24].…”

Section: Correlation Of Bmd With Scoliosis Parametersmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Although the data of Cheng et al [4,7], Hung et al [21], and Lee et al [24] were collected from the same institute in different periods, their results were inconsistent. In adult subjects with untreated adolescent structural lumbar idiopathic scoliosis, age range 23-58 years, lower femoral bone density on the convexity side than the opposite one was found [17].…”

Section: Bmd Of the Bilateral Proximal Femurmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To determine the existence of this phenomenon in clinical patients with AIS, six investigations were performed [3,4,7,11,21,24]. The results with ''no significant difference'' [3,4,7,11] and ''significant difference'' [21,24] between the BMD values of the concave and convex femoral neck were reported in the literature.…”

Section: Persistent or Transient Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study on the associations between scoliosis and bone mineral density in a population of young women treated for scoliosis in adolescent was performed and the results indicated that the patients with osteopenia wore a brace for significantly longer duration and had more severe scoliosis in adulthood than those patients without osteopenia [12]. Although some authors advocated that poor bone quality was regarded as a new and unique prognostic factor in curve progression [21,24], the correlation of BMD with scoliosis parameters should be studied further.…”

Section: Association Of Bmd With Scoliosis Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low bone mineral status in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

Liu

et al. 2008

Eur Spine J

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Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a pathological entity of unknown etiology. The causes of osteoporosis or osteopenia in AIS remain undetermined. Whether poor bone quality is an etiologic factor remains controversial. To determine the correlation between low bone mineral status and AIS, a review of literature was performed. After a literature search from 1966 to June 2007 (using Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane DSR, ACP Journal Club, DARE, CCTR, CINAHL and hand searches of references) for studies regarding low bone mineral status and AIS, 20 studies meeting the inclusion criteria were reviewed in terms of the appropriateness of valuation technique, the validity of descriptive system, the number and type of respondents, and overall quality of the studies. Nearly all investigations demonstrated that low bone mineral density (BMD) was a generalized phenomenon and a systematic disorder in AIS. The prevalence of AIS with osteoporosis is approximately 20-38%. The follow-up studies indicated that osteopenia in patients with AIS may be a persistent phenomenon. BMD could be affected by the mechanical loading and lower bone mineral mass is always associated with lower bone strength. The spinal architecture associated with the osteopenia may aggravate the spinal deformity. However, with regard to the concave and convex femoral neck BMD values, and the correlation of BMD to scoliosis parameters, the results remain inconsistent. Bracing may not result in permanent loss of bone mineral mass. The effect of the eccentric tension-compression environments on BMD, the correlation of BMD with scoliosis parameters and the effect of bracing on BMD should be investigated further in prospective, randomized and longitudinal follow-up studies.

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Section: Methods Of the Bmd Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Correlation Of Bmd With Scoliosis Parametersmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Bmd Of the Bilateral Proximal Femurmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Persistent or Transient Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Association Of Bmd With Scoliosis Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low bone mineral status in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

Liu

et al. 2008

Eur Spine J

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Chd7 plays a critical role in controlling left–right symmetry during zebrafish somitogenesis

Jacobs-McDaniels¹,

Albertson²

2011

Developmental Dynamics

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Somitogenesis is a complex process during early vertebrate development involving interactions between many factors to form a bilateral somite series. A role for chromatin remodelers in somitogenesis has not yet been demonstrated. Here, we investigate the function of chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 7 (chd7) during zebrafish somitogenesis. We show that Chd7 deficiency leads to asymmetric segmentation of the presomitic mesoderm (PSM), as revealed by expression of the somitogenesis genes, cdx1a, dlc, her7, mespa, and ripply1. Moreover, we show that abrogation of Chd7 results in the loss of asymmetric expression of spaw in the lateral plate mesoderm, which is consistent with more general laterality defects. Based on the observation that insufficient Chd7 leads to left-right asymmetry defects during PSM segmentation, and because CHD7 has been linked to human spinal deformities, we suggest that zebrafish chd7 morphants may be a good in vivo model to examine the pathophysiology of these diseases. Developmental Dynamics 240:2272-2280,

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Idiopathic Scoliosis as a Rotatory Decompensation of the Spine

Castelein

Pasha

Cheng

et al. 2020

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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Many years of dedicated research into the etiology of idiopathic scoliosis have not led to one unified theory. We propose that scoliosis is a mechanical, rotatory decompensation of the human spine that starts in the transverse, or horizontal, plane. The human spine is prone to this type of decompensation because of its unique and individually different, fully upright sagittal shape with some preexistent transverse plane rotation. Spinal stability depends on the integrity of a delicate system of stabilizers, in which intervertebral disc stiffness is crucial. There are two phases in life when important changes occur in the precarious balance between spinal loading and the disc's stabilizing properties: (i) during puberty, when loads and moment arms increase rapidly, while the disc's "anchor," the ring apophysis, matures from purely cartilaginous to mineralized to ultimately fused to the vertebral body, and (ii) in older age, when the torsional stiffness of the spinal segments decreases, due to disc degeneration and subsequent laxity of the fibers of the annulus fibrosus. During these crucial periods, transverse plane vertebral rotation can increase during a relatively brief window in time, either as adolescent idiopathic or degenerative de novo scoliosis. Much more is known of the biomechanical changes that occur during disc aging and degeneration than of the changing properties of the disc during maturation.

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Osteopenia

Cited by 100 publications

References 26 publications

Low bone mineral status in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

Low bone mineral status in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

Chd7 plays a critical role in controlling left–right symmetry during zebrafish somitogenesis

Idiopathic Scoliosis as a Rotatory Decompensation of the Spine

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