Osteopontin activates mesenchymal stem cells to repair skin wound

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising candidates for skin wound repair due to their capabilities of accumulating at wounds and differentiating into multiple types of skin cells. However, the underlying mechanisms responsible for these processes remain unclear. In this study, we found that osteopontin (OPN) stimulated the migration of MSCs in vitro, and observed the recruitment of endogenous MSCs to a skin wound and their differentiation into keratinocytes and endothelial cells. In OPN knock-out mice, the recruitment of MSCs to the skin wound was significantly inhibited, and wound closure was hampered after an intradermal injection of exogenous MSCs compared to wild-type mice. Consistent with these observations, the expressions of adhesion molecule CD44 and its receptor E-selectin were significantly decreased in the lesions of OPN knock-out mice compared with wild-type mice suggesting that OPN may regulate the migration of MSCs through its interactions with CD44 during skin wound recovery. In summary, our data demonstrated that OPN played a critical role in activating the migration of MSCs to injured sites and their differentiation into specific skin cell types during skin wound healing.

Biomimetic matrices for rapidly forming mineralized bone tissue based on stem cell-mediated osteogenesis

“…Notably, conditioned medium from OPN-collagen gels also demonstrated a faster migration of HUVEC, even when compared with the results obtained with conditioned medium from cells cultured on OC/OPN-enhanced gels. In fact, OPN alone has been reported to improve cell migration and wound healing response 50 , a phenomenon that is linked with the migration potential of cells. However, it is not yet clear which soluble factors and mechanisms are responsible for stimulating the migration of cells.…”

Role of osteopontin in dendritic cell shaping of immune responses

“…In addition, DC-derived extracellular vesicles containing OPN were reported to mediate MSC recruitment [116], suggesting a more complex role for DC-derived OPN as a chemoattractant and modulator of MSC differentiation. Accordingly, OPN was shown to regulate MSC migration and differentiation in multiple cell types during skin wound healing [117].…”

Chikungunya virus infection impairs osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells

“…This indicates that CHIKV infection disrupts the mineralization function of osteogenic cells, in that way likely disrupts bone homeostasis. It is important to note that matrix mineralization is also associated with the production of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins including fibronectin, vitronectin, laminin, osteopontin, and osteonectin (23, 28–30). Thus, future studies will be aimed at examining the expression and production of these proteins in the context of viral infection.…”