Osteoporosis in Women with Disabilities

Schrager, Sarina

doi:10.1089/154099904323087123

Cited by 36 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This is an important observation because those with Down syndrome have an increased risk of developing osteoporosis. 5,9 While studies specifically oriented toward fracture rate in people with Down syndrome are limited, the studies performed indicate low bone mineral density in those with Down syndrome. Research shows that individuals with Down syndrome are at higher risk of developing Alzheimer's disease as they age 38 ; the dementia increases risk of fall, which identifies a further risk for fracture in an individual who already has lower bone mineral density.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The risk of osteoporosis is higher among adults with intellectual disability than it is among the general population, with some studies estimating fractures occurring anywhere from 1.7 to 3.5 times more often among people with developmental disabilities. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Intellectual disability is defined as a chronic disability occurring before the age of 18 years and causing limitations in the areas of intellectual functioning and adaptive behaviors such as receptive and expressive language, interpersonal skills, and practical skills. 7 Adults with an intellectual disability may experience low bone mineral density because of decreased ambulation, lack of exercise, lack of nutrition (difficulty swallowing is a risk factor for poor nutrition, which in turn is a risk factor for low bone mineral density), decreased exposure to sunlight (leading to vitamin D deficiency), medications (eg, antiseizure medications are more often used by adults with intellectual disability), race, Down syndrome, and hypogonadism (women with intellectual disability have amenorrhea more more than woman in the general population).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Characteristics Associated With Bone Mineral Density Screening in Adults With Intellectual Disabilities

Dreyfus

Lauer²,

Wilkinson³

2014

The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine

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Background: Certain health characteristics place adults with intellectual disability at increased risk for osteoporosis. However, little data exist to describe how comorbid disease or medications affect screening patterns for these patients.Methods: We evaluated the relationship between bone density screening and the presence of risk factors using a secondary cross-sectional analysis of 5520 adults aged 19 years and older with the diagnosis of intellectual disability.Results: Of the sample, 22.9% received one or more bone density screenings (34.4% women, 13.3% men). Low screening rates in men prohibited the construction of a valid sex-specific multivariate model of the association between bone density screening and risk factors for osteoporosis. In women, when controlling for age the following factors were significantly associated with ever having bone density screening: use of antiepileptic medication (odds ratio [

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics Associated With Bone Mineral Density Screening in Adults With Intellectual Disabilities

Dreyfus

Lauer²,

Wilkinson³

2014

The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine

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“…[43][44][45][46][47][48] Relatively fewer studies have investigated the risk factors for low bone density within the population of adults with ID-for example, epilepsy 49 or Down syndrome. 50 Adults with ID who live in group homes have high facture rates compared with the general population. 51 Two researchers reported the specific risk factors associated with the highest rates of osteoporosis and osteopenia among adults with ID.…”

Section: Osteoporosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Care for Women with Intellectual Disabilities

Wilkinson¹,

Cerreto²

2008

The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine

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Women with intellectual disabilities (ID) need thoughtful, well-coordinated care from primary care physicians. They are particularly susceptible to experiencing disparities in care because of varied participation in shared decision making. This review of the current literature comments on the quantity and quality of existing studies regarding several key women's health issues: menstrual disorders, cervical and breast cancer screening, contraception, and osteoporosis. A review of the current thinking regarding ethical and legal issues in medical decision making for these women is also provided. We found that there are several high-quality studies recommending early and frequent screening for osteoporosis, which is more common in women with ID. Smaller and fewer studies comment specifically on techniques for accomplishing the gynecological examination in women with ID, although the cervical cancer screening recommendation should be individualized for these patients. Consensus data on the management of menstrual problems and contraception in women with ID is provided. There are some data on breast cancer incidence but few articles on methods to improve screening rates in women with ID. Intellectual disability (ID) refers to a disability that is characterized by significant limitations both in cognitive functioning and in adaptive behavior (conceptual, social, and practical Women's health issues are important concerns among those with ID. In the past 40 years, it has been suggested that women's health should shift to a focus tailored to the individual patient, taking into account her personal beliefs and respecting her choices. The preface to the 1984 edition of Our Bodies, Our Selves states its goals "to reach as many women as possible with the tools which will enable them to take greater charge of their own health care and their lives, deal with the existing medical system and fight wherever possible for improvements and changes."6 While physicians' responsibilities to regard women as equal partners in making decisions about their health care has been debated, 7 patients' reproductive rights and choices have remained an important topic of discussion. Women with ID, however, benefit unevenly from this change in thinking. It is unclear how women who may lack some of the skills to make everyday decisions should partner in decisions about their health care. In addition, in a field where research has lagged on women's health topics, how do we interpret the existing evidence base for women with This article was externally peer reviewed.

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“…Patients usually show decreased bone mineral density of the femoral neck, and this frequently was negatively correlated with the period of paralysis [23]. Menopause women with physical disabilities may be nonambulatory and have bone loss due to immobility [24]. Prevention of osteoporosis and related fractures in this population includes population-based measures, such as calcium and vitamin D supplementation and risk-based screening procedures [24].…”

Section: Women Who Are Menopausal With Osteoporosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Menopause women with physical disabilities may be nonambulatory and have bone loss due to immobility [24]. Prevention of osteoporosis and related fractures in this population includes population-based measures, such as calcium and vitamin D supplementation and risk-based screening procedures [24]. Primary care providers and specialists need to prioritize osteoporosis prevention strategies when taking care of women with disabilities [24,25].…”

Section: Women Who Are Menopausal With Osteoporosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Technique for Sex Hormone Determination by Electrochemiluminescence and Application to Disability Research

Wiwanitkit

2007

Sex Disabil

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Sexual hormone is an important group of human hormones which regulate sexual function. The well-known sex hormones in females and males are estrogen and testosterone, respectively. Determination of sex hormone has significant clinical value. The technique for sex hormone in the present day is mainly based on ELISA. However, the ELISA still poses the problem for use in determination of the low level of hormone. In this article, the author presents the advanced technique for sex hormone determination, electrochemiluminescence. In addition, some interesting reports on sex hormone determination by electrochemiluminescence are summarized.

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Osteoporosis in Women with Disabilities

Cited by 36 publications

References 33 publications

Characteristics Associated With Bone Mineral Density Screening in Adults With Intellectual Disabilities

Characteristics Associated With Bone Mineral Density Screening in Adults With Intellectual Disabilities

Primary Care for Women with Intellectual Disabilities

Advanced Technique for Sex Hormone Determination by Electrochemiluminescence and Application to Disability Research

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