Osteosarcoma of jaws: Challenges in diagnosis

Purpose of reviewThis article presents a review of the literature on mandibular osteosarcoma, focusing on the main aspects of its management, including diagnosis, pathology, and treatment. The literature published in the last 5 years was considered but because of the rarity of mandibular osteosarcoma, major publications from the past have also been included. Recent findingsManagement of mandibular osteosarcoma still lacks a clear standard of care, and treatment has not changed markedly over the past several years. The mainstay of treatment is surgical resection with free margins, but chemotherapy has recently begun to play a role in both adjuvant and neoadjuvant settings. SummaryMandibular osteosarcoma is a rare tumor and extensive randomized trials are not available in the international literature. Therefore, the standard of care is not defined, and diagnosis and treatment protocols have been extrapolated from analysis of multiple reports that are often discordant. This makes an interdisciplinary approach mandatory for the management of these patients, to provide the best care possible based on tumor size, site, and patient characteristics.

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Delivery of mGluR5 siRNAs by Iron Oxide Nanocages by Alternating Magnetic Fields for Blocking Proliferation of Metastatic Osteosarcoma Cells

Kang

Rao

Matsui

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Although osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor, chemotherapeutic drugs and treatment have failed to increase the five-year survival rate over the last three decades. We previously demonstrated that type 5 metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR5, is required to proliferate metastatic osteosarcoma cells. In this work, we delivered mGluR5 siRNAs in vitro using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanocages (IO-nanocages) as delivery vehicles and applied alternating magnetic fields (AMFs) to improve mGluR5 siRNAs release. We observed functional outcomes when mGluR5 expression is silenced in human and mouse osteosarcoma cell lines. The results elucidated that the mGluR5 siRNAs were successfully delivered by IO-nanocages and their release was enhanced by AMFs, leading to mGluR5 silencing. Moreover, we observed that the proliferation of both human and mouse osteosarcoma cells decreased significantly when mGluR5 expression was silenced in the cells. This novel magnetic siRNA delivery methodology was capable of silencing mGluR5 expression significantly in osteosarcoma cell lines under the AMFs, and our data suggested that this method can be further used in future clinical applications in cancer therapy.

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Osteosarcoma of jaws: Challenges in diagnosis

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

Osteosarcoma of the mandible and its management: A rare case report

Osteosarcoma of the mandible and its management: A rare case report

Mandibular osteosarcoma: diagnosis and treatment

Delivery of mGluR5 siRNAs by Iron Oxide Nanocages by Alternating Magnetic Fields for Blocking Proliferation of Metastatic Osteosarcoma Cells

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