Osteoselection supported by phase separated polymer blend films

Abstract

The instability of implants after placement inside the body is one of the main obstacles to clinically succeed in periodontal and orthopedic applications. Adherence of fibroblasts instead of osteoblasts to implant surfaces usually results in formation of scar tissue and loss of the implant. Thus, selective bioadhesivity of osteoblasts is a desired characteristic for implant materials. In this study, we developed osteoselective and biofriendly polymeric thin films fabricated with a simple phase separation method using either homopolymers or various blends of homopolymers and copolymers. As adhesive and proliferative features of cells are highly dependent on the physicochemical properties of the surfaces, substrates with distinct chemical heterogeneity, wettability, and surface topography were developed and assessed for their osteoselective characteristics. Surface characterizations of the fabricated polymer thin films were performed with optical microscopy and SEM, their wettabilities were determined by contact angle measurements, and their surface roughness was measured by profilometry. Long-term adhesion behaviors of cells to polymer thin films were determined by F-actin staining of Saos-2 osteoblasts, and human gingival fibroblasts, HGFs, and their morphologies were observed by SEM imaging. The biocompatibility of the surfaces was also examined through cell viability assay. Our results showed that heterogeneous polypropylene polyethylene/polystyrene surfaces can govern Saos-2 and HGF attachment and organization. Selective adhesion of Saos-2 osteoblasts and inhibited adhesion of HGF cells were achieved on micro-structured and hydrophobic surfaces. This work paves the way for better control of cellular behaviors for adjustment of cell material interactions.

ROS-Generating Hyaluronic Acid-Modified Zirconium Dioxide-Acetylacetonate Nanoparticles as a Theranostic Platform for the Treatment of Osteosarcoma

“…SAOS-2 cells were mainly characterized by a spindle-shaped morphology with an oval flat nucleus [ 38 ]. This peculiar feature is gradually lost by cancer cells during apoptosis due to a morphological change driven by the cytoskeleton and characterized by cell shrinkage and apoptotic bodies [ 39 ]. To study the uptake of our nanosystem, the cells were incubated with 50 μg/mL of both the developed NPs and left to interact for 48 h. Then, the cell membranes were stained with red phalloidin ( Figure 6 a), whereas NPs were characterized by intrinsic emissive properties (blue) and did not need further modifications.…”

Mechanical Property of Hydrogels and the Presence of Adipose Stem Cells in Tumor Stroma Affect Spheroid Formation in the 3D Osteosarcoma Model

“…Initial cell adhesion takes place by nonreceptor-mediated interactions between cell surface molecules and substrate groups of surfaces via electrostatic or polar interactions and ionic bonding, 41 which is demonstrated by the contact angle of individual surfaces. The diverse values of contact angles in blends are due to the content of hydrophobic silk fibroin within the interpenetrating network and microporosity of different surfaces.…”

Nanomaterials for Bone Tissue Regeneration and Orthopedic Implants

“…Several reports have linked increase in implant hydrophi licity to enhanced osteoblast functioning and osseointegration (Ceylan et al, 2012;Schwarz et al, 2009). However, depending on the actual surface chemistry, hydrophilicity might not be a striking factor for establishment of osseointegration or it can even be associated with the decrease in oste oblast adhesion in vitro (Unal Gulsuner et al, 2015;Vasak et al, 2014). Hydroxyapatite mineral coating is another strategy to accelerate minerali zation at the bone-implant interface.…”