Otak dan Akal dalam Ayat-Ayat Neurosains

Abstract

Neuroscience is simply the science that specifically studies Neurons (nerve cells). These nerve cells make up the nervous system, both the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and peripheral nerves (31 pairs of spinal nerves and 12 pairs of head nerves). Nerve cells themselves are no longer the smallest unit of nerve cells, the smallest unit of nerve cells (neurons) in synapses, which are the meeting points of two nerve cells that move and forward information (neurotransmitters). At the level of molecular biology, the smallest units are like genes (genetic studies). Generally, neuroscientists focus on nerve cells in the brain. In the Qur'an, the mind has a noble position. It was proven that the word "reason" in the Qur'an is mentioned in large numbers. The word "reason" in the Qur'an is mentioned 49 times. All of them are in the form of 'muilāri' (a verb that indicates the present and the future), except for the one in the form of 'māḍī (a verb denoting the past). Although the Qur'an does not mention "reason" in its form as "a certain part of humanity" (جوهرا مستقلا فى النفس), which is the source of birth for all rational actions, but the Qur'an refers to "reason" in its meaning as " activities using reason '(عملية التعقل), i.e. calls to use reason as a path to truth (التعقل), think (التفكر), pay attention (النظر), understand and learn (التفقه), take wisdom and lessons from each event (الاعتبار), etc.

Akal dan Otak dalam Telaah Al Qur'an dan Neurosains

“…Akal dan otak adalah satu kesatuan yang saling berkaitan. Terdapat keterikatan antara keduanya yang sulit untuk dipisahkan baik kata maupun makna (Noor, 2019). Akal adalah fungsi dari otak sehingga apabila otak seseorang rusak, akalnya pun cacat.…”

“…"Akal" tersebutkan di dalam Al Qur'an sebanyak 49 kali yang seluruhnya dalam bentuk fiil mudhari' (kata kerja yang menunjukkan saat ini atau masa yang akan datang) kecuali satu yang dalam bentuk fiil madhi (kata kerja yang menunjukkan masa lampau). Hal ini menandakan bahwa akal memiliki kedudukan yang tinggi di dalam Al Qur'an (Noor, 2019). Manusia adalah makhluk yang sempurna yang letak kesempurnaan itu ada pada akalnya.…”

Hybridization of Islamic Education and Neuroscience: A Study of Suyadi's Thoughts

“…The brain is the center of good and bad physical conditions. Then the terms "change your brain, change your body" and "change your brain, change your life" were coined (Ahmat Miftakul Huda & Suyadi, 2020;Noor, 2019). Based on this explanation, it can be concluded that functionally, the qalb is very closely related to the function of the mind.…”