Other microbial polysaccharides: pullulan, scleroglucan, elsinan, levan, alternant, dextran

Park, J. K.; Khan, Tahir I.; Phillips, Glyn O.; Williams, Peter

doi:10.1533/9781845695873.592

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Pullulan is a 92 linear glucan consisting of maltotriose units connected by α-1,6 glycosidic bonds; whereas dextran has 93 a branched structure with α-1,6-glucose-linkages with side-chains attached to the 3-positions of the 94 backbone glucose units. Both polysaccharides are water soluble, biocompatible and biodegradable, 95 and are used in food and pharmaceutical applications (Park & Khan, 2009). First, the influence of 96 polysaccharide concentration on the physical properties (e.g.…”

Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of carbohydrate-based nano-microstructures loaded with fish oil by using electrohydrodynamic processing

et al. 2017

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Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of carbohydrate-based nano-microstructures loaded with fish oil by using electrohydrodynamic processing

et al. 2017

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“…Also, the European Commission approves the use of dextran in baked goods at levels up to 5%; dextrans of high molecular weight are used in sourdough baking to produce good quality bread (SCO 2000;Maina et al 2011). Furthermore, dextran was described as a thickening agent, an alternative cryostabilizer, fat replacer, or low-calorie bulking agent of interest for the food processing industry (Park and Khan 2009). Dextran is only partially hydrolyzed to monosaccharides by small intestine a-glucosidases.…”

Section: Dextranmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alternan is a a-glucan consisting of alternating (a1!6) and (a1!3) linkages with a low degree of branching (Table 2). It is produced from sucrose by an enzyme of the glucansucrase family, known as alternansucrase (EC 2.4.1.140), that is found mainly in Leuconostoc mesenteroides (Côt e and Robyt 1982; Park and Khan 2009). (Côt e and Robyt 1982; Park and Khan 2009).…”

Section: Alternan and Alternan-oligosaccharidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is produced from sucrose by an enzyme of the glucansucrase family, known as alternansucrase (EC 2.4.1.140), that is found mainly in Leuconostoc mesenteroides (Côt e and Robyt 1982; Park and Khan 2009). (Côt e and Robyt 1982; Park and Khan 2009). Alternan is resistant to most known microbial and mammalian enzymes and can only be hydrolyzed by isomaltodextranases, and alternanases.…”

Section: Alternan and Alternan-oligosaccharidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alternan is resistant to most known microbial and mammalian enzymes and can only be hydrolyzed by isomaltodextranases, and alternanases. Due to its resistance to digestion it can be used for production of ingredients for functional foods such as prebiotics (Leathers, Hayman, and Côt e 1997;Park and Khan 2009). It has also been reported that alternan oligosaccharides derived from alternanase activity are used as low-glycemic sweeteners.…”

Section: Alternan and Alternan-oligosaccharidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Synthesis of novel α-glucans with potential health benefits through controlled glucose release in the human gastrointestinal tract

Gangoiti

Corwin

Lamothe

et al. 2018

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition

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The glycemic carbohydrates we consume are currently viewed in an unfavorable light in both the consumer and medical research worlds. In significant part, these carbohydrates, mainly starch and sucrose, are looked upon negatively due to their rapid and abrupt glucose delivery to the body which causes a high glycemic response. However, dietary carbohydrates which are digested and release glucose in a slow manner are recognized as providing health benefits. Slow digestion of glycemic carbohydrates can be caused by several factors, including food matrix effect which impedes a-amylase access to substrate, or partial inhibition by plant secondary metabolites such as phenolic compounds. Differences in digestion rate of these carbohydrates may also be due to their specific structures (e.g. variations in degree of branching and/or glycosidic linkages present). In recent years, much has been learned about the synthesis and digestion kinetics of novel a-glucans (i.e. small oligosaccharides or larger polysaccharides based on glucose units linked in different positions by a-bonds). It is the synthesis and digestion of such structures that is the subject of this review.

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Microbial and Enzymatic Polysaccharides

Kralj

Khandige

Guan

et al. 2020

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

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Polysaccharides are ubiquitous and the largest substantive material class in nature (eg, structural in plants (cellulose, starch), algae (alginate), and (microbes) and throughout history polysaccharides have found extensive use in many industrial applications, for example in packaging (paper and board), fiber and textiles (eg, cotton and viscose), adhesives, and even in early engineered thermoplastic materials (eg, cellulose esters). Sourced from nature and in general biocompatible, many polysaccharides have applications across various food and food additive applications. The broad functionality and general good compatibility are attractive properties increasingly desired as focus on sustainability is increasing. This article will discuss the established product range of microbial polysaccharides utilized across a range of specialty applications such as food, personal care, and industrials. Product categories such as alginates, bacterial cellulose, curdlan, dextran, diutan, emulsan, fructan, gellan, pullulan, sceroglucan, succinoglycan, welan, and xanthan gum will be reviewed. In addition, the emerging platform technology enzymatic polymerization is discussed with special focus on the transformational promise for this approach toward engineered polysaccharide structures. This approach allows for the rational and systematic design of polysaccharide materials controlling aspects such as molecular weight, branching, and particle morphology.

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Other microbial polysaccharides: pullulan, scleroglucan, elsinan, levan, alternant, dextran

Cited by 27 publications

References 30 publications

Development of carbohydrate-based nano-microstructures loaded with fish oil by using electrohydrodynamic processing

Development of carbohydrate-based nano-microstructures loaded with fish oil by using electrohydrodynamic processing

Synthesis of novel α-glucans with potential health benefits through controlled glucose release in the human gastrointestinal tract

Microbial and Enzymatic Polysaccharides

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