Otitis media in Aboriginal children: tackling a major health problem

Coates, Harvey; Morris, Peter S.; Leach, Amanda J.; Couzos, Sophie

doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2002.tb04727.x

Cited by 70 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Previous studies of the association between otitis media and ethnicity have questioned the ability to differentiate between constitutional and environmental factors, including socioeconomic factors in African Americans, Aborigines, and Inuits. [20][21][22] In our study, children with one or both parents from African and Asian countries had increased probability for otitis media, tonsillopharyngitis, and lower respiratory tract infections compared to children with one or both Caucasian parents. The ethnic variable is representative for Africans and Asians as it is based on nationality rather than ethnic belonging.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Respiratory infections in schoolchildren: co-morbidity and risk factors

Karevold

Kvestad

Nafstad

et al. 2006

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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Aims: To assess co-morbidity and risk factors for otitis media, tonsillopharyngitis, and lower respiratory infections in school children. Methods: Logistic regression analysis of co-morbidity and risk factors for airway infections in a population based sample of 10 year old children living in Oslo, Norway. Main outcome measures: otitis media, tonsillopharyngitis, and lower respiratory infections in past 12 months. Results: Airway infections in 10 year old children were common, and significant co-morbidity was found between the various airway infections. Home dampness was a risk factor for all infections, adjusted odds ratios ranging from 1.2 (95% CI 1.0 to 1.5) to 1.4 (95% CI 1.1 to 1.6) for otitis media and tonsillopharyngitis respectively. Atopic disease was a constitutional risk factor, particularly strong for lower airway infections (adjusted odds ratio 2.4, 95% CI 1.8 to 3.1). African or Asian ethnicities were associated with the airway infections, adjusted odds ratios ranging from 1.2 (95% CI 0.9 to 1.7) to 1.7 (95% CI 1.2 to 2.3). Conclusions: Respiratory tract infections were common in 10 year old children. There was substantial comorbidity between upper and lower airway infections. Environmental and constitutional factors were identified and positively associated with the infections. Results support the hypothesis of 1957 that the whole respiratory tract is one unit.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Respiratory infections in schoolchildren: co-morbidity and risk factors

Karevold

Kvestad

Nafstad

et al. 2006

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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“…Certain populations are known to have a higher incidence of OM; eg, Australian Aboriginal children17 and children from Greenland 18. Other studies have identified numerous potential lifestyle and sociodemographic contributing factors, although a degree of controversy exists regarding the relative importance of the risk factors, as well as their interdependence.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on otitis media – prevention and treatment

Qureishi¹,

Lu²,

Belfield³

et al. 2014

IDR

106

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Acute otitis media and otitis media with effusion are common childhood disorders, a source of significant morbidity, and a leading cause of antibiotic prescription in primary health care. Although effective treatments are available, some shortcomings remain, and thus better treatments would be welcome. Recent discoveries within the field of otitis media research relating to its etiology and pathogenesis have led to further investigation aimed at developing novel treatments. This article provides a review of the latest evidence relating to the understanding of acute otitis media and otitis media with effusion, current treatment strategies, their limitations, new areas of research, and novel strategies for treatment.

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“…Middle ear disease (otitis media) is common and frequently severe in Australian Aboriginal children [1,2] In the worst affected communities, perforation of the tympanic membrane (TM) may affect more than 50% of children [3,4]. Such high rates have not been described consistently in any other population in the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Otitis media in young Aboriginal children from remote communities in Northern and Central Australia: a cross-sectional survey

et al. 2005

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BackgroundMiddle ear disease (otitis media) is common and frequently severe in Australian Aboriginal children. There have not been any recent large-scale surveys using clear definitions and a standardised middle ear assessment. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of middle ear disease (otitis media) in a high-risk population of young Aboriginal children from remote communities in Northern and Central Australia.Methods709 Aboriginal children aged 6–30 months living in 29 communities from 4 health regions participated in the study between May and November 2001. Otitis media (OM) and perforation of the tympanic membrane (TM) were diagnosed by tympanometry, pneumatic otoscopy, and video-otoscopy. We used otoscopic criteria (bulging TM or recent perforation) to diagnose acute otitis media.Results914 children were eligible to participate in the study and 709 were assessed (78%). Otitis media affected nearly all children (91%, 95%CI 88, 94). Overall prevalence estimates adjusted for clustering by community were: 10% (95%CI 8, 12) for unilateral otitis media with effusion (OME); 31% (95%CI 27, 34) for bilateral OME; 26% (95%CI 23, 30) for acute otitis media without perforation (AOM/woP); 7% (95%CI 4, 9) for AOM with perforation (AOM/wiP); 2% (95%CI 1, 3) for dry perforation; and 15% (95%CI 11, 19) for chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM). The perforation prevalence ranged from 0–60% between communities and from 19–33% between regions. Perforations of the tympanic membrane affected 40% of children in their first 18 months of life. These were not always persistent.ConclusionOverall, 1 in every 2 children examined had otoscopic signs consistent with suppurative ear disease and 1 in 4 children had a perforated tympanic membrane. Some of the children with intact tympanic membranes had experienced a perforation that healed before the survey. In this high-risk population, high rates of tympanic perforation were associated with high rates of bulging of the tympanic membrane.

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Otitis media in Aboriginal children: tackling a major health problem

Cited by 70 publications

References 4 publications

Respiratory infections in schoolchildren: co-morbidity and risk factors

Respiratory infections in schoolchildren: co-morbidity and risk factors

Update on otitis media – prevention and treatment

Otitis media in young Aboriginal children from remote communities in Northern and Central Australia: a cross-sectional survey

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Otitis media in Aboriginal children: tackling a major health problem

Cited by 70 publications

References 4 publications

Respiratory infections in schoolchildren: co-morbidity and risk factors

Respiratory infections in schoolchildren: co-morbidity and risk factors

Update on otitis media &ndash; prevention and treatment

Otitis media in young Aboriginal children from remote communities in Northern and Central Australia: a cross-sectional survey

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Product

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Update on otitis media – prevention and treatment