Otolaryngological Manifestations in HIV Infected Patients, Tehran, Iran

Jafari, Sirous

doi:10.4172/2155-6113.1000160

Cited by 9 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…[2,7,9,10] Previous studies have shown that oral manifestations are the most frequently presented symptoms, followed by cervical head and neck lymphadenopathy, sinusitis and otitis media. [1,2,9] No study of this nature has been conducted in SA; however, studies encompassing 1 155 patients from 3 developing countries; namely Nigeria (n=89), Iran (n=98) and India (n=968), have been conducted. [1,2,11] In contrast to these studies, females were in the majority in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1,2,9] No study of this nature has been conducted in SA; however, studies encompassing 1 155 patients from 3 developing countries; namely Nigeria (n=89), Iran (n=98) and India (n=968), have been conducted. [1,2,11] In contrast to these studies, females were in the majority in our study. There are several potential reasons for this predominance: it might reflect the SA migrant labour system where males work away from home and females are home-bound; women tend to seek medical attention earlier than men; antenatal clinics in SA are well equipped and are excellent for early HIV screening of women in pregnancy and, according to the SA statistical survey in 2012, females outnumber males in the population as a whole.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over 80% of HIV-infected individuals will present with ENT symptoms at some point during the course of their disease. [1] The highest incidence of HIV infection is recorded in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), accounting for almost two-thirds of the world's HIVinfected individuals, the majority of these cases being women. [2] According to the 2009 census statistics, an estimated 5.6 million people were living with HIV in South Africa (SA), [3] the highest number of infected individuals worldwide, and it was estimated that 310 000 people in SA died of AIDS-related diseases.…”

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Otolaryngological, head and neck manifestations in HIV-infected patients seen at Steve Biko Academic Hospital in Pretoria, South Africa

2013

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Background. Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest incidence of HIV infection. According to recent census statistics, 5.6 million people in South Africa (SA) are HIV-positive, the highest number of infected individuals worldwide. Over 80% of HIV-infected individuals will present with ear, nose and throat (ENT) manifestations. Previous studies show that oral diseases seem to be the most common ENT-related manifestation, reported in about 40 -50% of HIV-infected patients. In SA, there is lack of local information regarding the otolaryngological and head and neck manifestations in HIV-infected individuals. Objective. To ascertain our local trends of ENT and head and neck manifestations in HIV-infected patients seen at our specialised ENT-HIV Clinic, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria, Gauteng Province, SA. Methods. A 1-year prospective study involving 153 HIV-infected patients was conducted in the clinic from January to December 2011. Patient history was taken and examinations were performed based on the World Health Organization (WHO) HIV/AIDS classification system. Data analysis was performed using Epi Info 7 software. Results. The most common manifestations were adenoid hypertrophy/hyperplasia followed by cervical lymphadenopathy, chronic suppurative otitis media, otitis media with effusion and sensory-neural hearing loss. Conclusion. Patients typically presented with early manifestations during symptomatic WHO stages I and II in contrast to results reported in similar developing world studies from Iran, Nigeria and India. A possible explanation may lie in the SA government HIV Counselling and Testing campaign and the antiretroviral rollout programme, the effectiveness of which is becoming evident.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Otolaryngological, head and neck manifestations in HIV-infected patients seen at Steve Biko Academic Hospital in Pretoria, South Africa

2013

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“…9 Both of these studies however show a marked contrast to a prevalence of 61.8% reported in Iran by Jafari et al We postulate this difference to be due to the difference in sample size as Jafari study had a sample size of 98. 10 A 2006 study in India with a sample size of 968 HIV seropositive patients reported a prevalence of 79% for ENT manifestations. 4 At the time of the India study, not all patients were on HAART, making it likely that they had lower CD4 counts compared to our patients, and thus they had a higher prevalence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Prevalence of Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) Manifestations Among HIV Seropositive Patients at a Tertiary Hospital in Northern Tanzania: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study</p>

Shija

Karaba

Philemon

et al. 2020

HIV

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Background: To date, HIV/AIDS remains a threat of the 21st century. The overall rate of new HIV infection continues to decline in several countries, but there is still a remarkable burden of disease seen in sub-Saharan Africa. Several studies observed that 70% to 90% of HIV-infected patients present with ear, nose and throat symptoms. The aim of this study was to identify the magnitude of ENT manifestations among HIV-infected patients attended HIV clinics at KCMC based on age, sex, and CD4 count. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at KCMC hospital involving HIV-infected patients who attended HIV clinics from February to July 2018. Convenient sampling was employed to get study participants, and 200 patients were recruited in the study. Data were collected through a questionnaire from patients, and results were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: Sixty-eight (34%) of 200 HIV-infected patients had ENT manifestations. The most affected age group was 0-9 years. ENT manifestations were more prevalent in females (23.5%) than in males (10.5%). Those with CD4 count less than 200cells/µL also it was a high prevalence (56.3%). Conclusion: This study observed that one-third of the studied population had ENT manifestations. All medical practitioners should be aware of ENT manifestations in HIV-infected patients in order to assure early and appropriate intervention.

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“…Lower CD4 counts and the duration of HIV infection have been significantly associated with increased prevalence of oropharyngeal conditions, with a male to female ratio of 3.4:1. [1] , [2]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pseudomonas aeruginosa causing inflammatory mass of the nasopharynx in an immunocompromised HIV infected patient: A mimic of malignancy

Gale

Maritato

Chen

et al. 2015

IDCases

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Head and neck manifestations of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are among the most common complications of this disease. The sinonasal and oral manifestations are more common that the otologic and range from malignancies to infectious processes caused by both opportunistic and nonopportunistic organisms. We report the case of a nasopharyngeal mass of infectious etiology in a severely immunocompromised HIV infected patient. The patient was admitted with a presumptive diagnosis of infectious gastroenteritis and was found to have a nasopharyngeal mass. The mass was extending into the oropharynx and paravertebral soft tissues and was associated with extensive secretions causing near complete occlusion of the oropharynx. CT scan findings favored malignant verses infectious etiology. The surgical biopsy performed twice ruled out malignancy and the bacterial culture proved to be a pure growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pseudomonas can inhabit the nasopharynx and lower digestive tract, and is only occasionally associated with causing disease in non-susceptible patients but is a common infection in immunocompromised patients. To the best of our knowledge, and after considering the current literature, we believe this case is unique. We discuss this rare entity and its management. Clinicians should be aware of this potential life threatening condition in the HIV population and add P. aeruginosa infection to the differential diagnosis of an acute inflammatory nasopharyngeal mass.

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Otolaryngological Manifestations in HIV Infected Patients, Tehran, Iran

Abstract: , 98 HIV-infected patients were recruited to participate in a cross-sectional study. Recruitment took place at the Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) center of Imam Khomeini hospital, Tehran. All participants attended an outpatient ENT clinic where they underwent examination by

Cited by 9 publications

References 19 publications

Otolaryngological, head and neck manifestations in HIV-infected patients seen at Steve Biko Academic Hospital in Pretoria, South Africa

Otolaryngological, head and neck manifestations in HIV-infected patients seen at Steve Biko Academic Hospital in Pretoria, South Africa

<p>Prevalence of Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) Manifestations Among HIV Seropositive Patients at a Tertiary Hospital in Northern Tanzania: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study</p>

Pseudomonas aeruginosa causing inflammatory mass of the nasopharynx in an immunocompromised HIV infected patient: A mimic of malignancy

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