Ototoxicidade por organofosforados: descrição dos aspectos ultraestruturais do sistema vestibulococlear de cobaias

Abstract

Organophosphat e toxic agents are used in agriculture and are currently part of the group of toxic agents which can lead to hearing loss, in which we have solvents, metals and asphyxiation agents. Aim: to analyze the acute ototoxic action of a group of organophosphate agents in the vestibulocochlear system. This is a prospective experimental study. Materials and Methods: we used male albino guinea pigs, broken down into three groups, to which we provided distilled water (group 1 -control), agrotoxic agent -0.3mg/ Kg/day (group 2), agrotoxic -3 mg/Kg/day (group 3), during 7 seven consecutive days. The most used agrotoxic agent was Tamaron BR (metamidophos). The anatomical evaluation of the cochlea, saccule and utricle was carried out by means of electronic scanning microscopy after the use of the agrotoxic agent. Results: the guinea pigs submitted to the organophosphate presented cochlear morphological alterations with lesions on the three turns analyzed, as well as cilia alterations in the saccule and utricle, intensified according to the agent dosage. Conclusion: the morphological alterations seen in the hair cells exposed to daily doses of organophosphate promote evidences of an acute deleterious effect of agrotoxic agents on the vestibulocochlear system.

Avaliação funcional do sistema vestibular de cobaias intoxicadas agudamente por organofosforado por meio da prova calórica

“…This result shows that a morphological change may suggest a functional disorder 25 . However, in the present study, there has been no manifestation of functional symptoms, and this may have been due to difference of the active ingredient tested, although it was an organophosphorus compound.…”

Autopercepção de dificuldade auditiva, hábitos e fatores de risco para perda auditiva em agricultores

“…This fact is probably related to male farmers be considered culturally more resistant to hard work, and also to be (Table 2). Regarding duration of time, studies reported the incorrect use of IPD associated to noise equipment may lead to hearing loss development in approximate four years 9,19 . These findings are important but were not confirmed in this research.…”

“…Many patients are extremely difficult to identify the cause of hearing loss, because there is a summation of causes 4 . Besides, the time to clinical condition to be installed, when is not due to acute intoxication, is gradual and long, approximated four years 9,19 . Other researches 9,26,27 already pointed out the need to control and guidance about the use of pesticides and the danger of noise exposition, promoting the knowledge and alarming the farmers about the hearing risks and the damage to health caused by farming activity without proper care and the individual protection devices used correctly.…”

“…Among the several factors making farmers susceptible to the harmful effects caused by pesticides, the highlight goes to the hard access to information and education by the products' users, as the low control about its production, distribution, and use 2,7 . Literature have been evidencing the ototoxic and neurotoxic power of some pesticides to both peripheral and central hearing system, and also pointing out the noise of some farming equipment to be the factor that interacting to pesticides may potentiate their effects, causing disturbances in general and hearing health 8,9 . The lack of individual protection device and proper environment may also be considered as potential factors to hearing loss risk 10 .…”

Sistema olivococlear medial e genotoxicidade em escolares de região fumicultora

“…Letícia Regina Kunst (1) , Michele Vargas Garcia (1) , Alencar Kolinski Machado (1) , Fernanda Barbisan (1) , Aron Ferreira da Silveira (2) (1) Universidade Federal de Santa Maria -UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil.…”