Background: Situs Inversus Totalis is a rare clinical condition that gives a mirror aspect to the position of the organs. It is a congenital condition and though it does not affect normal health or longevity, it may be a challenge in cases requiring surgical intervention.
Case:The authors report a case of cholelithiasis in a patient with previous diagnosis of Situs Inversus Totalis. The patient presented abdominal pain, related to eating and associated with nausea and vomiting. After the image exams, it was performed the surgical procedure, without intercurrences.
Conclusion:Situs Inversus Totalis is a challenge for surgical approach because of the mirrored configuration of the organs, which can lead to misdiagnosis. Using image exams and a complete evaluation of the patient helps the correct management in case of surgical procedures, and consequently influence in the prognosis.