Out-migration of Tagged Fishes from Marine Reef National Parks to Fisheries in Coastal Kenya

Kaunda‐Arara, Boaz; Rose, George A.

doi:10.1023/b:ebfi.0000035428.59802.af

Cited by 42 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Adult reef-associated species (i.e. non-nursery species) may migrate short distances away from the reef towards adjacent habitats for food (Tulevech & Recksiek 1994, Kaunda-Arara & Rose 2004 and increase densities of some non-nursery species in habitats adjacent to the reef. Seagrass beds within the Indo-Pacific may also function as corridors between mangroves and coral reefs for fish that undertake ontogenetic migrations, from shallow water habitats to the reef, once they mature (Lugendo et al 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connectivity in reef fish assemblages between seagrass and coral reef habitats

Campbell¹,

Kartawijaya²,

Sabarini³

2011

Aquat. Biol.

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Coral reefs and seagrass beds form extensive shallow-water habitats, but few reports have assessed the extent to which fishes on coral reefs are segregated from or integrated with fish from seagrass habitats. To investigate this, we used visual census surveys to survey reef fish assemblages in 3 habitat types: (1) seagrass, (2) transition areas between seagrass and coral reef and (3) coral reefs, at 8 locations in an Indonesian marine protected area. Based on the density of juveniles and adults, 66 of the 212 fish species recorded were classified into 4 ecological groups: seagrass residents, generalists, nursery species and coral residents. Coral residents and nursery species were found in reef and transition habitats, seagrass residents in seagrass beds and transition habitats, and generalists showed a gradual decrease in density from coral reef to seagrass beds. In terms of reef fish density, seagrass residents and nursery species accounted for 21 and 17%, respectively, of the 66 species classified into ecological groups. Habitat segregation among life stages of some nursery species, where adults were found in a coral habitat and juveniles in seagrass, was indicative of ontogenetic shifts from seagrass to coral habitat. Segregation in the distribution of feeding groups among habitat types also occurred, with nocturnal piscivores and diurnal zoobenthivores mostly found in coral and transition habitats, while nocturnal zoobenthivores, herbivores and diurnal piscivores were mostly found in seagrass and transition habitats. These patterns differ from those reported in similar habitat types elsewhere, but overall the results support previous findings, i.e. that optimisation of predatory and resource competition mechanisms may be responsible for habitat segregation of fish species, life stages and feeding groups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connectivity in reef fish assemblages between seagrass and coral reef habitats

Campbell¹,

Kartawijaya²,

Sabarini³

2011

Aquat. Biol.

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“…The above theoretical model suggests that species may also differ predictably in their spatial distribution within and near marine reserves. Few empirical studies have documented the spatial distribution of multiple fished species inside and out of marine reserves (Rakitin and Kramer 1996, Tupper and Rudd 2002, Kaunda-Arara and Rose 2004, Abesamis et al 2006 at spatial scales that are relevant to fish movement (e.g., see discussions in Palumbi 2004). Moreover, none of these studies examines how the spatial pattern evolves when fishing is present vs. absent.…”

Section: Multispecies Model Predictionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the optimal spatial allocation of fishing effort near marine reserves undoubtedly differs among fished species (e.g., because of differences in their movement, density, and catchability rates), multispecies fisheries will pose unavoidable compromises. Currently, a common method of detecting these cross-species compromises is to compare trends in slope and inflection points of density gradients across marine-reserve boundaries (Kaunda-Arara and Rose 2004). Steeper gradients and inflection points closer to the reserve boundary may imply less spillover than flatter gradients and inflection points further from the reserve boundary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fishing the Line Near Marine Reserves in Single and Multispecies Fisheries

Kellner

Tetreault

Gaines

et al. 2007

Ecological Applications

263

253

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Abstract. Throughout the world ''fishing the line'' is a frequent harvesting tactic in communities where no-take marine reserves are designated. This practice of concentrating fishing effort at the boundary of a marine reserve is predicated upon the principle of spillover, the net export of stock from the marine reserve to the surrounding unprotected waters. We explore the consequences and optimality of fishing the line using a spatially explicit theoretical model. We show that fishing the line: (1) is part of the optimal effort distribution near no-take marine reserves with mobile species regardless of the cooperation level among harvesters; (2) has a significant impact on the spatial patterns of catch per unit effort (CPUE) and fish density both within and outside of the reserve; and (3) can enhance total population size and catch simultaneously under a limited set of conditions for overexploited populations. Additionally, we explore the consequences of basing the spatial distribution of fishing effort for a multispecies fishery upon the optimality of the most mobile species that exhibits the greatest spillover. Our results show that the intensity of effort allocated to fishing the line should instead be based upon more intermediate rates of mobility within the targeted community. We conclude with a comparison between model predictions and empirical findings from a density gradient study of two important game fish in the vicinity of a no-take marine-life refuge on Santa Catalina Island, California (USA). These results reveal the need for empirical studies to account for harvester behavior and suggest that the implications of spatial discontinuities such as fishing the line should be incorporated into marine-reserve design.

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“…Surprisingly, no adult L. ehrenbergii were observed or caught in seagrass beds at night, suggesting that they may feed differently from adult L. fulviflamma and not perform diel migrations to seagrass beds. A tagging study by Kaunda-Arara & Rose (2004) showed that adult L. fulviflamma swam distances up to 2 km, confirming that this species is capable of migrating between coral reefs and seagrass beds. Feeding migrations from coral reefs to adjacent seagrass beds have been documented for other snappers in the Florida Keys, USA (Luo et al 2009), and in the US Virgin Islands (Hitt et al 2011).…”

Section: Feeding Migrationsmentioning

confidence: 83%