Out-of-focal plane imaging by leakage radiation microscopy

Zhu, Liangfu; Zhang, Douguo; Wang, Ruxue; Wen, Xiaolei; Wang, Pei; Ming, Hai; Badugu, Ramachandram; Lakowicz, Joseph R.

doi:10.1088/2040-8986/aa79cc

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The radiation pattern of the bead when the reflector is far away is shown in Fig. 3e and the results are consistent with earlier studies [41][42][43].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

A scanning planar Yagi-Uda antenna for fluorescence detection

Soltani,

Esfahany,

Druzhinin

et al. 2021

Preprint

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An effective approach to improve the detection efficiency of nanoscale light sources relies on a planar antenna configuration, which beams the emitted light into a narrow cone. Planar antennas operate like optical Yagi-Uda antennas, where reflector and director elements are made of metal films. Here we introduce and investigate, both theoretically and experimentally, a scanning implementation of a planar antenna. Using a small ensemble of molecules contained in fluorescent nanobeads placed in the antenna, we independently address the intensity, the radiation pattern and the decay rate as a function of distance between a flat-tip scanning gold wire (reflector) and a thin gold film coated on a glass coverslip (director). The scanning planar antenna changes the radiation pattern of a single fluorescent bead and it beams light into a narrow cone down to angles of 45 • (full width at half maximum). Moreover, the collected signal compared to the case of a glass coverslip is larger than a factor of 3, which is mainly due to the excitation enhancement. These results offer a better understanding of the modification of light-matter interaction by planar antennas and they hold promise for applications, such as sensing, imaging and diagnostics.

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“…The radiation pattern of the bead when the reflector is far away is shown in Fig. 3e and the results are consistent with earlier studies [41][42][43].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

A scanning planar Yagi-Uda antenna for fluorescence detection

Soltani,

Esfahany,

Druzhinin

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…The intent of the present paper is quite different from [1,[11][12][13], and we show how the plasmon propagation properties of the waves can be extracted from the leakage radiation using a single defocused objective lens for both excitation and detection. Hohenau et al [12] made use of sample defocus by observing that intermediate planes between the BFP and the image plane allowed a gradual transition between spatial localization and observation of the k-vector.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Other publications have reported the use of the image plane to examine the emission of SPs, however, these works generally used fluorescence from point emitters [11] or scattering from point objects [1,12]. In these cases excitation of SPs occurs above the sample with a separate optical system above the gold sample which as mentioned in the previous paragraph is much less convenient for construction of a sensor since it obstructs the sensing region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defocus leakage radiation microscopy for single shot surface plasmon measurement

Chow

Lun

Pechprasarn

et al. 2020

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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Measurement of surface plasmon and surface wave propagation is important for the operation and characterization of sensors and microscope systems. One challenge is to perform these measurements both quickly and with good spatial resolution without any modification to the sample surface. This paper addresses these issues by projecting an image of the field excited from a defocused sample to a magnified image plane. By carefully analysing the intensity distribution in this plane the properties of the surface waves generated on the sample surface can be determined. This has the advantage over previous techniques that the data can be obtained in a single shot without any changes to the focal position of the sample. Equally importantly, we show the method measures the local properties of the sample at well-defined positions, whereas other methods such as direct observation of the back focal plane average the properties over the propagation length of the surface waves.

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Fourier Plane Optical Microscopy and Spectroscopy

Vasista

Sharma

Kumar

2019

Digital Encyclopedia of Applied Physics

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Intensity, wavevector, phase, and polarization are the most important parameters of any light beam. Understanding the wavevector distribution has emerged as a very important problem in recent days, especially at nanoscale. It provides unique information about the light–matter interaction. Back focal plane or Fourier plane imaging and spectroscopy techniques help to measure wavevector distribution not only from single molecules and single nanostructures but also from metasurfaces and metamaterials. This article provides a birds‐eye view on the technique of back focal imaging and spectroscopy, different methodologies used in developing the technique, and applications including angular emission patterns of fluorescence and Raman signals from molecules, elastic scattering, etc. We first discuss on the information one can obtain at the back focal plane of the objective lens according to both imaging and spectroscopy viewpoints and then discuss the possible configurations utilized to project back focal plane of the objective lens onto the imaging camera or to the spectroscope. We also discuss the possible sources of error in such measurements and possible ways to overcome it and then elucidate the possible applications.

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Out-of-focal plane imaging by leakage radiation microscopy

Cited by 5 publications

References 33 publications

A scanning planar Yagi-Uda antenna for fluorescence detection

A scanning planar Yagi-Uda antenna for fluorescence detection

Defocus leakage radiation microscopy for single shot surface plasmon measurement

Fourier Plane Optical Microscopy and Spectroscopy

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