Out-of-pocket health expenditure on diarrheal illness among under-five children in a teaching hospital ins Odisha, India

Pradhan, Himanshu Sekhar; Mohakud, Nirmal Kumar; Kavitha, A K; Nayak, M. M.; Satpathy, Sudhir

doi:10.4103/ijph.ijph_258_19

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In our study the expenditure on delivery in private facilities was almost seven times than that in public facilities. Similar findings were reported by a study on urban slums of Bhubaneswar where 12 times more expenditure in private facilities was found (Sahu & Bharati, 2017). The NSSO 71st round report also stated eight to nine times higher expenditures in private facilities by urban poor of India.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Potential Impact of the Insurance on Catastrophic Health Expenditures Among the Urban Poor Population in India

Singh¹,

Siddhanta²,

Singh³

et al. 2022

Journal of Health Management

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Background: Urban poor face a disproportionate burden of ill health and high out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE), creating a severe unmet need for affordable and quality health care. This article highlights the impact of health insurance on OOPE and catastrophic healthcare expenditure among the urban poor of India. Methods: The study uses randomly collected household data from a baseline survey conducted in the states of Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh. Separate Insurance impact models have been generated for the analysis. Results: Mean out-of-pocket health expenses is higher in the private health facility for the inpatient care but in case of outpatient care, the expenditure was more in public. Expenditure on medicine constitutes the largest part of the total OOPE. Insurance impact model shows that coverage on medicine alone can reduce medical impoverishment by 85% in the case of Outpatient Deparment (OPD) and 71% in the case of Inpatient Department (IPD). The urban poor preferred private facility for treatment in case of illness, albeit when it comes to delivery, they prefer public facility Conclusions: Study findings indicate overt reliance on private health care must be regulated, to reduce OOPE among the urban poor. Also, effective universal health insurance can go a long way in reducing the OOPE with availability of free medicines and diagnostics in the public health facilities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Potential Impact of the Insurance on Catastrophic Health Expenditures Among the Urban Poor Population in India

Singh¹,

Siddhanta²,

Singh³

et al. 2022

Journal of Health Management

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“…Among the financial consequences of VPDs can be diarrhea in children under 5 years of age 20 and febrile illness among under‐five children 21 . A significant financial burden is borne by the families themselves for the treatment of diarrhea in children under five due to a lack of medical insurance 20 . It is important to monitor the cost of health care in different types of health centers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retracted: Impact of COVID‐19 pandemic on routine vaccination coverage of children and adolescents: A systematic review

SeyedAlinaghi

Karimi

Mojdeganlou

et al. 2022

Health Science Reports

121

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Background and Aims Scientists and healthcare workers have expressed their concerns on the impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic on vaccination coverage in children and adolescents. Therefore, we aimed to systematically review the studies addressing this issue worldwide. Methods We conducted a systematic search of relevant studies using the keywords on databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane on May 22, 2021. The identified records were imported into EndNote software and underwent a two‐phase screening process consisting of title/abstract and full‐text screenings against inclusion criteria. The data of the included studies were summarized into a table and the findings were analyzed in a systematic approach. Results From 26 eligible studies, 21 studies demonstrated decreased vaccination rates in the children during the COVID‐19 pandemic, while three studies found increased or no significant changes only in influenza vaccination. The two remaining studies from Brazil and Sweden also showed no significant changes in vaccination rates in the children during the pandemic. Conclusion Most of the reports worldwide reported a decline or delay in vaccination at the time of the COVID‐19 pandemic. A sustained catch‐up program seems to be necessary, especially in low‐income countries, to avoid any vaccine dose missing. Facilitating the vaccination process is recommended, such as decreasing the waiting time for vaccination at the health center, addressing the fear and concerns related to COVID infection for parents, and enhancing vaccine availability, and promoting access in remote areas. Countries should ensure proper vaccination to prevent future pandemics related to vaccine‐preventable diseases.

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“…This is due to a decrease in appetite and malabsorption and depressed immunity and a vicious cycle of diarrhea. These episodes are an economic burden to the families in a developing country [ 16 ]. Introduction of prelacteals, not on exclusive breastfeeding for six months, and introduction of complementary food before six months had a significant association with SAM as was found in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk and Adverse Outcome Factors of Severe Acute Malnutrition in Children: A Hospital-Based Study in Odisha

Das¹,

Das²,

Mohapatra³

et al. 2021

Cureus

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BackgroundMalnutrition is prevalent in 41% of children less than five years old in developing countries. ObjectiveTo determine the clinical spectrum, identify the risk factors, and find out the factors responsible for the adverse outcomes of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in children. MethodsIn this prospective cohort, children aged one month to five years with SAM from October 2016 to September 2018 were enrolled. Clinical profile, contributing factors, treatment, and outcome of cases (n=198) were noted. ResultsSAM was diagnosed in 323 (1.6%) of admitted cases. The unimmunized children were 123 (62.1%). Common co-morbidities were acute gastroenteritis (n=89, 44.9%), respiratory tract infection (n=88, 44.4%), and septicemia (n=54, 26.7%). Children not on exclusive breastfeeding (n=157, 79.1%), early complementary feeding (<6 months) (n=157, 88.2%), bottle-feeding (n=138, 77.55%), low birth weight (157, 79.1%), living in kutcha houses (115, 58.2%), and unavailability of safe drinking water (131, 66.4%) were the significant risk factors. Pneumonia, diarrhea, nutritional edema, hypothermia, and circulatory shock at the time of admission were responsible for adverse outcomes. One hundred and eighty-three (92.4%) children were cured and discharged and 15 (7.6%) children died. ConclusionsWrong feeding practices and unavailability of safe drinking water have an important bearing on the development of SAM children. Pneumonia, diarrhea, nutritional edema, hypothermia, and circulatory shock at the time of admission were responsible for adverse outcomes.

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Out-of-pocket health expenditure on diarrheal illness among under-five children in a teaching hospital ins Odisha, India

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Potential Impact of the Insurance on Catastrophic Health Expenditures Among the Urban Poor Population in India

Potential Impact of the Insurance on Catastrophic Health Expenditures Among the Urban Poor Population in India

Retracted: Impact of COVID‐19 pandemic on routine vaccination coverage of children and adolescents: A systematic review

Risk and Adverse Outcome Factors of Severe Acute Malnutrition in Children: A Hospital-Based Study in Odisha

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