Out of the Frame: How Sports Media Shapes Trans Narratives

Lucas, Cathryn B.; Newhall, Kristine E.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-00804-8_5

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Another salient frame that emerges from the top 10 most-liked tweets is quoting fellow female athletes or women’s rights activists’ words to oppose Laurel Hubbard’s participation in the women’s category. This narrative aligns with the frame of distraction in depicting trans athletes uncovered in mass media (Lucas & Newhall, 2019). That is, by framing Laurel Hubbard as a distraction that violates fair competition in women’s sports, these tweets instigate a confrontation between born female athletes and trans female athletes, the two historically underrepresented groups in sport.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…In line with the frame of unfair advantages, trans athletes’ presence has also been portrayed as a distraction that is harmful to coaches and teammates. This frame was uncovered in Lucas and Newhall’s (2018) study of examining Kye Allums’—the first out transgender NCAA Division I college athlete—coming out stories, in which they found that although the team, the coach, and the university were supportive of Allums as a trans athlete publicly, he was accused of being selfish because his coming out—according to the coach and his teammates—affected the team. This narrative of distraction is problematic because it blames trans athletes—the victims in sport regarding fair inclusion—for being a distraction to fellow athletes, which can effectively salience trans athletes and push them out of sport (Lucas & Newhall, 2019).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Competing as the First Out Transgender Female Olympian: A Twitter Network Analysis of Laurel Hubbard During the 2020 Tokyo Games

2022

Communication & Sport

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This study examines the Twitter network discussing the inclusion of Laurel Hubbard, the first out trans woman Olympian, during the 2020 Tokyo Games. By analyzing the Twitter reactions, top opinion leaders, and the modularity of the network, this study uncovers that (a) the majority of the top 10 most-liked tweets and the top influential social actors hold a negative attitude toward Laurel Hubbard’s participation in the women’s category; (b) compared to traditional news agencies, social media influencers and newly launched digital media agencies play a more important role in facilitating the flow of information in this network; and (c) the observed Twitter network is highly clustered, indicating that individuals tend to interact with people more frequently within their segregated subgroup, whereas information diffusion across clusters is more restricted. This research contributes to the understanding of how Twitter users perceive the inclusion of trans athletes at international sporting events by empirically exploring the Twitter network of Laurel Hubbard, the first out trans female athlete in Olympic history.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competing as the First Out Transgender Female Olympian: A Twitter Network Analysis of Laurel Hubbard During the 2020 Tokyo Games

2022

Communication & Sport

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“…Considered in relation to Richards et al’s (2014) criticism of research and cisgender researchers’ tendency to reduce trans identities to a homogenous experience, this contrasting practice is representative of another discursive practice of cisgenderism. This is something that sports media have been critiqued for, with, for example, Lucas and Newhall’s (2019) argument about “the forced imperative to always be out” (p. 120) in relation to trans athletes in the media. Consequently, where it occurs in the data, Gabe reproduces cisgenderist discursive resources prevalent in the sports media under examination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This discursive context is important because sport is rife with cisgenderism in the form of attempts to (re)assert dimorphic conceptions of sex (Cooky & Dworkin, 2013; Pieper, 2014) and medicalised understandings of bodies and identities (Fischer & McClearen, 2020; Krieger et al, 2019; Pieper, 2014). Multiple authors have highlighted the rampant discrimination in sports media of sex and gender identities that are situated outside of the norm (Cooky et al, 2013; Lucas & Newhall, 2019; McClearen, 2015; Sloop, 2012). This being the case, the interviews took place in a context in which ample cisgenderist discursive resources are available to speakers.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prejudice in “inclusive” spaces: Cisgenderist collusion in the interview context

Knott-Fayle

Peel

Witcomb

2022

Feminism & Psychology

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Feminist reflexivity aims to (re)consider and challenge power differentials that exist in the research process. This activity is well represented in, for example, research into heterosexism. In this article we expand feminist reflexive practice in relation to cisgenderism through a (re)examination of interview transcripts conducted by a cisgender researcher on the topic of cisgenderism in media representations of trans and intersex sportspeople. Drawing on interviews with 18 cisgender and trans and non-binary participants, we analyse three forms of researcher collusion in cisgenderism, namely: 1) perpetuating cisgenderism in the selection of media materials; 2) assuming trans women are the referent; and 3) disunifying assumptions about trans sportspeople. This reflexive analysis is discussed with regard to how analytical insights can be generated into the operation and functioning of prejudice. In so doing, we further the conception of prejudice as a ubiquitous and latent activity in research practices.

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“…Only very limited research focuses on lesbian and trans athletes' coverage, however (c.f. Lucas & Newhall, 2019;Bullingham & Postlethwaite, 2019).…”

Section: Sport As An Inclusive Spacementioning

confidence: 99%

Social Media, Digital Technology, and Sexuality in Sport

Parry¹,

Magrath²

2022

Research in the Sociology of Sport

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To explore the relationship between contemporary sport, social media, digital technology, and sexuality. This chapter explores the historical context of sport and sexuality, before then outlining the decline of homophobia in recent years. Despite this, however, perhaps the most ubiquitous way we might see the manifestation of homophobia is through social media.Design/methodology/approach: This chapter synthesizes a range of academic literature to chart howdespite improving attitudes toward homosexuality in sportabuse and discrimination is still prevalent on social media.Findings: Eric Anderson's (2009) Inclusivity Masculinity Theory (IMT) has been the most useful theoretical apparatus to underpin the changing nature of sport, gender, and sexuality. While this has been used in a variety of sporting contexts, these are primarily focused on gay male athletes in the West. Accordingly, there is a gap in knowledge around the experiences of lesbian, bisexual, and trans athletes, as well as those outside of the Western context.Originality/value: Although there has been some literature to document discrimination on social media, very little focuses specifically on the manifestation of homophobia. Accordingly, this chapter provides an important contribution by being one of the first to tie together the literature on improved cultural attitudes toward homosexuality whilst simultaneously focusing on the prevalence of discrimination on social media.

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Out of the Frame: How Sports Media Shapes Trans Narratives

Cited by 14 publications

References 19 publications

Competing as the First Out Transgender Female Olympian: A Twitter Network Analysis of Laurel Hubbard During the 2020 Tokyo Games

Competing as the First Out Transgender Female Olympian: A Twitter Network Analysis of Laurel Hubbard During the 2020 Tokyo Games

Prejudice in “inclusive” spaces: Cisgenderist collusion in the interview context

Social Media, Digital Technology, and Sexuality in Sport

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