Out of the Frying Pan Into the Fire: The Community Structure of Epiphytes in Brazilian Savanna After the Passage of Fire

Neto, Luiz Menini; Maradini, A. C.; Moura, Filipe Rodrigues; Furtado, Samyra Gomes

doi:10.1017/s0960428619000180

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…are repeatedly observed epiphytically in relatively dry forests in southern Mexico (Wolf, 2005), and in French Guiana, Mori et al (2002) observed two aroid species as accidental epiphytes. A considerable number of studies investigated assemblages of vascular epiphytes in southeastern Brazil along the Atlantic coast, where accidental epiphytes are an important part of the epiphytic flora (e.g., Alves & Neto, 2014; Couto et al, 2016; Couto et al, 2019, 2017; Furtado & Neto, 2015a, 2016; Menini Neto et al, 2020), especially in urban areas (Alvim et al, 2020, 2021; Furtado & Neto, 2015b). Among 35 cactus species observed epiphytically in Bolivia, Ibisch et al (2000) classified 14 as accidental.…”

Section: Global Occurrences Of Accidental Epiphytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accidental epiphytes: Ecological insights and evolutionary implications

Hoeber

Zotz

2022

Ecological Monographs

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Vascular epiphytes are an important component of many ecosystems and constitute a substantial part of global plant diversity. In this context, accidental epiphytism, that is, the opportunistic epiphytic growth of typically terrestrial species, deserves special attention because it provides crucial insights into the global distribution of vascular epiphytes and the initial evolution of epiphytic lineages. Even though accidental epiphytes have been mentioned in the literature for more than a century, they have been neglected in most epiphyte studies. Only recently has accidental epiphytism been investigated more thoroughly. Therefore, the aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive review of the ecological basis and evolutionary relevance of this common but largely neglected phenomenon and to highlight open questions and promising research directions. Our central statement—that any species has the potential to grow epiphytically given the availability of suitable microhabitats and successful dispersal—is backed up by a compilation of observations of accidental epiphytes from numerous ecosystems with diverse climates, even including semiarid Mediterranean ones. A variety of arboreal microhabitats and environmental conditions conform to the ecological niche of typical terrestrial species, with the availability of such microhabitats depending on the interaction of local climate conditions, host tree age, and host species identity. Whenever suitable microhabitats are available in tree crowns, accidental epiphytism is limited primarily by dispersal. In an evolutionary context, the conquest of forest canopy represents an ecological opportunity where accidental epiphytes act as links between terrestrial and epiphytic life forms. We discuss two fundamental scenarios with sympatric speciation, selective pressure, autopolyploidy, and allopatric speciation as underlying mechanisms in the transition from terrestrial to epiphytic growth. In conclusion, we argue that accidental epiphytism is a substrate and dispersal‐dependent phenomenon and that, both from an individual perspective and an evolutionary perspective, epiphytism reflects the occupation of suitable but previously unexploited arboreal microhabitats. Acknowledging the fundamental principles that plant growth is opportunistic and that dispersal is a stochastic process can decisively improve our understanding of species distributions and other ecological patterns, as in the case of accidental epiphytism.

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Section: Global Occurrences Of Accidental Epiphytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accidental epiphytes: Ecological insights and evolutionary implications

Hoeber

Zotz

2022

Ecological Monographs

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“…In Brazil, the knowledge of epiphytic flora is broader in the south and southeast regions (Menini Neto et al, 2020). In riparian forests of southern Brazil, studies on epiphytism have been conducted by Graeff et al (2018), Rocha-Uriartt et al (2016), Costa et al (2020) and Bonnet et al (2010;, in the state of Paraná.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular epiphytism on the Sinos River riparian forest: phytosociological and conservation analysis

Uriartt

Becker

Costa

et al. 2021

Rev. Bras. Geog. Fis.

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The site with the greatest epiphyte richness also presented great floristic heterogeneity, and located in a rural area, at a higher region where the type of forest is wetter and there is greater rainfall. Vriesea incurvata presented the highest VI in CA, Pleopeltis pleopeltifolia in TA and Rhipsalis teres in CB. Thirteen of the species are endangered, and 12 of which were found in CA. The botanical parameters obtained support the idea that the riparian forest of CA presents a more complex community structure, with a higher degree of conservation and better environmental quality, when compared to the TA and CB sites.

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Survival, and anatomical and ecophysiological changes in isolated individuals of Tillandsia recurvata L. (Bromeliaceae) grown under different shading conditions

Silva

Chaves

Silvério

et al. 2023

Botany

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Tillandsia recurvata may show morphophysiological plasticity in response to radiation availability since this species is found in different environments. This work aimed to evaluate the anatomical and physiological modifications of T. recurvata isolated individuals under different shading levels and the consequences of these changes on the growth of this species. The individuals were exposed for 60 days to treatments as follows: full sun (unshaded) and shading of 35, 75, and 85%. Growth analyses were performed, and the leaf anatomy and water content were assessed. All plants submitted to full sun or 35% shading died, whereas those under 75 and 85% shading survived. The water content in leaves and rhizomes were higher under 85% shading, and this treatment increased the leaf area and the number of leaves in T. recurvata. Leaf dry mass, leaf elongation rate, biomass allocation to rhizomes, and net assimilation rate were higher under 85% shading. The leaves had a thicker hypodermis, lower proportions of both epidermis and vascular bundles, and a higher proportion of chlorophyll parenchyma under 85% shading. Tillandsia recurvata individuals behave as sciophytic while the formation of clusters may change microclimate conditions and the behavior of clumped plants must be further investigated.

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Out of the Frying Pan Into the Fire: The Community Structure of Epiphytes in Brazilian Savanna After the Passage of Fire

Cited by 5 publications

References 34 publications

Accidental epiphytes: Ecological insights and evolutionary implications

Accidental epiphytes: Ecological insights and evolutionary implications

Vascular epiphytism on the Sinos River riparian forest: phytosociological and conservation analysis

Survival, and anatomical and ecophysiological changes in isolated individuals of Tillandsia recurvata L. (Bromeliaceae) grown under different shading conditions

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