Outbreak-associatedSalmonella entericaSerotypes and Food Commodities, United States, 1998–2008

Abstract

Salmonella enterica infections are transmitted not only by animal-derived foods but also by vegetables, fruits, and other plant products. To clarify links between Salmonella serotypes and specific foods, we examined the diversity and predominance of food commodities implicated in outbreaks of salmonellosis during 1998–2008. More than 80% of outbreaks caused by serotypes Enteritidis, Heidelberg, and Hadar were attributed to eggs or poultry, whereas >50% of outbreaks caused by serotypes Javiana, Litchfield, Mbandaka, Muenchen, Poona, and Senftenberg were attributed to plant commodities. Serotypes Typhimurium and Newport were associated with a wide variety of food commodities. Knowledge about these associations can help guide outbreak investigations and control measures.

Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella serotypes isolated from retail chicken meat and giblets in Iran

“…Among the Salmonella serotypes, S. Enteritidisand, S. Typhimuriumare the predominant serotypes found in human salmonellosis in many developed countries, including Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and many countries in Europe [40]. There are reports of human salmonellosis caused by consumption of poultry meat contaminated by S. Typhimurium [41]. Although S. Typhimurium is the most common agent of human foodborne disease, in the last few decades, S. Enteritidis has become more common [42].…”

High-Throughput Sequencing Technologies and new Approaches in Food Microbiology

“…Salmonella spp. is one of the major pathogens responsible for foodborne disease outbreaks and S.enterica is the most frequently isolated species [14]. Other frequently foodborne pathogens belong to the genera Campylobacter, Yersinia, Shigella, Vibrio, Clostridium, Bacillus, Listeria, and Staphylococcus has been reported [15].…”

“…Relevant approaches was devoted to screen undesired microorganisms in foodstuffs and to prevent the spread of foodborne disease outbreaks [14]. Most of these pathogens are not easily individuated by using traditional approaches, and metagenomic methods have been adopted, mainly using 16s rDNA or 26s rDNA gene sequencing [16,17].…”

Detection of Salmonella human carriers in Colombian outbreak areas

“…However, some Salmonella serotypes differ based on geographical area, food sources (meat, vegetables, cheese, eggs, etc. ), industry, and manipulation of foods [2,3]. Furthermore, the Salmonella serotype determines its ability to cause disease, as well as clinical symptoms and outbreak outcomes [4][5][6].…”