Outbreak of Escherichia coli and diabetes mellitus

Wiwanitkit, Viroj

doi:10.4103/2230-8210.83050

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In addition, the plasma LPS level was significantly increased, which, at least in part, is linked to insulin resistance in untreated diabetic rats. Similar to humans, our findings also found that an abundance of pathogenic bacteria, E. coli and C. perfringens in diabetic rats [ 29 , 30 ]. At the end of the study, we found that L. paracasei HII01 administration significantly improved not only BW, VF/BW, and plasma lipid levels (TG, cholesterol, LDL, and HDL) but also reduced the fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels and improved glucose tolerance, demonstrating its antidiabetic effect.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Putative Mechanisms Responsible for the Antihyperglycemic Action of Lactobacillus paracasei HII01 in Experimental Type 2 Diabetic Rats

et al. 2020

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Despite the updated knowledge of the impact of gut dysbiosis on diabetes, investigations into the beneficial effects of individual bacteria are still required. This study evaluates the antihyperglycemic efficacy of Lactobacillus paracasei HII01 and its possible mechanisms in diabetic rats. Diabetic rats were assigned to receive vehicle, L. paracasei HII01 (108 CFU/day), metformin 30 (mg/kg) or a combination of L. paracasei HII01 and metformin. Normal rats given vehicle and L. paracasei HII01 were included. Metabolic parameters, including in vitro hemi-diaphragm glucose uptake, skeletal insulin-signaling proteins, plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS), gut permeability, composition of gut microbiota and its metabolites, as well as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), were assessed after 12 weeks of experiment. The results clearly demonstrated that L. paracasei HII01 improved glycemic parameters, glucose uptake, insulin-signaling proteins including pAktSer473, glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (pAMPKThr172), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-kB) in diabetic rats. Modulation of gut microbiota was found together with improvement in leaky gut, endotoxemia and SCFAs in diabetic rats administered L. paracasei HII01. In conclusion, L. paracasei HII01 alleviated hyperglycemia in diabetic rats primarily by modulating gut microbiota along with lessening leaky gut, leading to improvement in endotoxemia and inflammation-disturbed insulin signaling, which was mediated partly by PI3K/Akt signaling and AMPK activation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Putative Mechanisms Responsible for the Antihyperglycemic Action of Lactobacillus paracasei HII01 in Experimental Type 2 Diabetic Rats

et al. 2020

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“…Streptococcus , Escherichia and Collinsella are all known gut inhabitants whose abundance are associated with several inflammatory diseases including T2DM ( Qin et al., 2012 ; Candela et al., 2016 ). Increased abundance of Escherichia coli is also linked with increased microbial infections in diabetic patients ( Wiwanitkit, 2011 ). All three genera are positively associated with animal-based diet consumption and studies have reported that these bacteria can be successfully reduced through fibre-rich and plant-based dietary interventions ( Candela et al., 2016 ; van Soest et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota Composition in Prediabetes and Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies

Letchumanan

Abdullah

Marlini

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Evidence of gut microbiota involvement in regulating glucose metabolism and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) progression is accumulating. The understanding of microbial dysbiosis and specific alterations of gut microbiota composition that occur during the early stages of glucose intolerance, unperturbed by anti-diabetic medications, is especially essential. Hence, this systematic review was conducted to summarise the existing evidence related to microbiota composition and diversity in individuals with prediabetes (preDM) and individuals newly diagnosed with T2DM (newDM) in comparison to individuals with normal glucose tolerance (nonDM). A systematic search of the PubMed, MEDLINE and CINAHL databases were conducted from inception to February 2021 supplemented with manual searches of the list of references. The primary keywords of “type 2 diabetes”, “prediabetes”, “newly-diagnosed” and “gut microbiota” were used. Observational studies that conducted analysis of the gut microbiota of respondents with preDM and newDM were included. The quality of the studies was assessed using the modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale by independent reviewers. A total of 18 studies (5,489 participants) were included. Low gut microbial diversity was generally observed in preDM and newDM when compared to nonDM. Differences in gut microbiota composition between the disease groups and nonDM were inconsistent across the included studies. Four out of the 18 studies found increased abundance of phylum Firmicutes along with decreased abundance of Bacteroidetes in newDM. At the genus/species levels, decreased abundance of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Roseburia, Dialister, Flavonifractor, Alistipes, Haemophilus and Akkermansia muciniphila and increased abundance of Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Escherichia, Veillonella and Collinsella were observed in the disease groups in at least two studies. Lactobacillus was also found to positively correlate with fasting plasma glucose (FPG), HbA1c and/or homeostatic assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in four studies. This renders a need for further investigations on the species/strain-specific role of endogenously present Lactobacillus in glucose regulation mechanism and T2DM disease progression. Differences in dietary intake caused significant variation in specific bacterial abundances. More studies are needed to establish more consistent associations, between clinical biomarkers or dietary intake and specific gut bacterial composition in prediabetes and early T2DM.

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“…Escherichia coli is one of the main pathological agents causing high frequency of invasive infections in diabetic patients [4,15,17]. This pathogen, similarly to any other microorganism that can cause systemic infection, is exposed to various host factors including hormone insulin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These findings suggest that human insulin is able to modulate expression of virulent factors including enzyme aspartyl proteinase which excretion was notably elevated in presence of insulin ( Figure 2). We know that higher frequency of infections in patients with diabetes mellitus is caused by the hyperglycemic environment that negatively impairs immune response of the host [1][2][3][4][5]. However, based on these findings, we can justifiably assume that insulin treatment can also help dissemination of E. coli infection in diabetic patients, since this can trigger expression of enzyme aspartyl proteinase as the virulent factor that can further act as signal molecule for quorum sensing and biofilm formation, which, in general, can be the reason for requirement of greater number of medical interventations in patients with diabetes mellitus.…”

Section: Insulin May Serve As the Key Signal Molecule In Process Of Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pathogenic microorganisms may be of different strains, which are most prevalent in bacteria and can cause disease due to supression of the host immune mechanisms. The patients with diabetes mellitus are at high risk for developing severe and life threatening microbial infections [1][2][3][4]. One of the most common pathogen in diabetic patients that can affect all organs and systems is Escherichia coli (E. coli).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Untitled

2018

Int J Diabetes Clin Res

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Background: In general, diabetic patients are more prone to microbial infections, which is believed to be caused due to high glucose levels in blood which compromise components of the immune system. However, it is little known about role of therapeutic insulin administration on dissemination of infectious diseases in people with diabetes mellitus. Methods: The study included the clinically isolated strains of Escherichia coli (E. coli) with biofilm forming capacity as well as referent non-biofilm former E. coli strain as control. Metabolic activity, level of virulence and biofilm forming capacity of tested E. coli strains were investigated in vitro conditions under presence of human hormone insulin at different incubation time points. Results: Administration of hormone insulin in concentration of 2.5 U/ml resulted in significant increase in proliferation of all tested E. coli strains under in vitro conditions at 37 °C. Presence of insulin also stimulated expression of E. coli virulent factor enzyme aspartyl proteinase, which in synergism with human insulin served as signal molecules for bacterial quorum sensing and biofilm formation. Conclusion: Results of this study present first report about direct effect of hormone insulin on elevated metabolic activity of E. coli in a linkage with its biofilm forming capability. This opens a new look at understanding the cause of various bacterial infections in diabetic patients, as well as their multi-resistance to antibiotics that occurs due to changed bacterial metabolism and their newly acquired colonization abilities.

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Outbreak of Escherichia coli and diabetes mellitus

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Putative Mechanisms Responsible for the Antihyperglycemic Action of Lactobacillus paracasei HII01 in Experimental Type 2 Diabetic Rats

Putative Mechanisms Responsible for the Antihyperglycemic Action of Lactobacillus paracasei HII01 in Experimental Type 2 Diabetic Rats

Gut Microbiota Composition in Prediabetes and Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies

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