Outbreak of Gastroenteritis Caused by Echovirus Type 6 in an Orphanage in Japan

Abe, Osamu; Kimura, Hirokazu; Minakami, Hisanori; Akami, M.; Inoue, Mitsuru; Saito, Aoi; Otsuki, Kunio

doi:10.1053/jinf.2000.0748

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Reported clinical presentations include aseptic meningitis, meningoencephalitis, rashes, and gastrointestinal illnesses. Neonatal echovirus 6 infections can be associated with hepatitis and pneumonitis (57)(58)(59)(60)(61)(62)(63). Echovirus 6 was the fifth most commonly identified enterovirus during the study period and accounted for 6.2% of reports with known serotype (Table 2).…”

Section: Echovirusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enterovirus Surveillance - United States, 1970-2005

et al. 2006

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Section: Echovirusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enterovirus Surveillance - United States, 1970-2005

et al. 2006

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“…In Brazil and India, specific echovirus genotypes E7, E9, E11, and E13 have been commonly found in patients with AGE ( Rao et al, 2013 ; Machado et al, 2020 ). Additionally, E6 and E11 have been frequently detected in the AGE outbreaks in Japan and India, respectively ( Patel et al, 1985 ; Abe et al, 2000 ). Regarding coxsackievirus, several genotypes, including CV-A4, CV-A5, CV-A24, and CV-B5, have been frequently detected in AGE patients in Japan and Thailand ( Kumthip et al, 2017 ; Pham et al, 2018 ; Rojjanadumrongkul et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enterovirus genotype diversity with emergence of coxsackievirus A2 circulating in pediatric patients with acute gastroenteritis in Thailand, 2019–2022

Xie,

Khamrin,

Jampanil

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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IntroductionEnteroviruses (EVs) are recognized as potential causative agents of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in children worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology and molecular characteristics of EV infection in children admitted to hospitals with AGE in Chiang Mai, Thailand from 2019 to 2022.MethodsA total of 1,148 fecal samples collected from patients with AGE were screened for the presence of EV using RT-PCR. The prevalence, co-infection with common diarrheal viruses, and seasonal pattern of EV were examined. The genotypes of EV were identified based on the VP1 sequence and phylogenetic analysis.ResultsThe overall prevalence of EV in AGE patients was 8.8% (101/1,148). After the COVID-19 outbreak in 2019, a significant decrease in the EV infection rate and genotype diversity was observed (p < 0.05). EV infection alone was observed in 68.3% (69/101) of cases while co-infection with other enteric viruses was 31.7% (32/101). The seasonal pattern of EV infection showed a peak prevalence during the rainy season. EV species A was the most prevalent (37.5%), followed by species B (32.3%), species C (29.2%), and species D (1.0%). Twenty-five genotypes of EV were identified with the most predominant of the coxsackievirus A2 (CV-A2) (13.5%), CV-B2 (7.3%) and CV-A24 (5.2%).ConclusionOur data demonstrate a significant decrease in the prevalence and diversity of EV circulating in AGE patients during the COVID-19 pandemic and highlight the emergence of CV-A2 during this study period. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the molecular epidemiology and diversity of EV in patients with AGE and provide useful information for further investigation into the potential association between specific EV genotypes and AGE in future studies.

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“…Echovirus 11, CV-A6, CV-B2, PV3, CV-B4, E18, and CV-A2 were detected in the stool of children with acute diarrhoea in the Hebei province of China [8,9]. Echovirus type 6 was reported in an outbreak of gastroenteritis among children in Japan [10]. Similarly, E11 and Coxsackie B6 have been reported in acute gastroenteritis in different countries such as Malaysia [11], India [12], and Brazil [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Molecular Epidemiology of Enterovirus in a Birth Cohort in Nepal

Shrestha

Strand

et al. 2023

Microbiology Research

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Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) has a major impact on morbidity and mortality worldwide. The viral aetiology of diarrhoeal diseases may remain unknown due to limited diagnostic facilities. Non-polio enteroviruses (NPEVs) are the third most frequent pathogen detected in stool specimens from AGE cases, yet their potential role in AGE is uncertain. In Nepal, limited data are available on NPEVs, due to both the lack of an adequate surveillance program and the availability of tests. The global polio eradication initiative effort of the WHO has eradicated the incidence of poliomyelitis and acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) from many parts of the world, including Nepal. However, cases of AFP associated with NPEVs have been reported in different countries, including the neighbouring India. This study aims to investigate the diarrhoeal stool samples from a birth cohort until the age of 36 months for NPEVs and the genotype diversity of NPEV in community children with diarrhoea. A total of 280 longitudinal diarrhoeal stool samples that were negative for other enteric pathogens were tested using RT-PCRs. NPEVs was detected in 97 stool specimens (34.6%) and were significantly more frequent in infants up to one year of age. This study identified 17 various NPEV types, with the dominating species being Enterovirus B (EV-B). Ten different types of echoviruses were recorded in this study, with the two rare NPEVs B74 and A120. Based on prevalence, seasonality, and diversity, further studies are warranted to investigate the role of enterovirus in diarrhoeal disease.

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Outbreak of Gastroenteritis Caused by Echovirus Type 6 in an Orphanage in Japan

Cited by 15 publications

References 6 publications

Enterovirus Surveillance - United States, 1970-2005

Enterovirus Surveillance - United States, 1970-2005

Enterovirus genotype diversity with emergence of coxsackievirus A2 circulating in pediatric patients with acute gastroenteritis in Thailand, 2019–2022

The Molecular Epidemiology of Enterovirus in a Birth Cohort in Nepal

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