Outbreak of haemolytic uraemic syndrome in Norway caused by stx
2-positive Escherichia coliO103:H25 traced to cured mutton sausages

Schimmer, Barbara; Nygård, Karin; Eriksen, Hanne-Merete; Lassen, Jørgen Fr; Lindstedt, Bjørn-Arne; Brandal, Lin Thorstensen; Kapperud, Georg; Aavitsland, Preben

doi:10.1186/1471-2334-8-41

Cited by 152 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Strains MF2522 and MF2494 had very similar features, including identical ITS sequencing data, ribotype and FT-IR spectra. Both O103:H25 strains were, among other isolates, linked to the Norwegian outbreak in 2006 and show identical multipleloci variable-number tandem-repeat analysis genotypes (Lindstedt et al, 2007;Schimmer et al, 2008). As expected, Figure 4.…”

Section: Polyphasic Analysis and Integration Of Resultssupporting

confidence: 51%

Comparison of methods for the identification and sub-typing of O157 and non-O157 Escherichia coli serotypes and their integration into a polyphasic taxonomy approach

Prieto-Calvo¹,

Omer²,

Alvseike³

et al. 2016

Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research

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Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data from 12 strains of Escherichia coli were collected, including carbon source utilisation profiles, ribotypes, sequencing data of the 16S-23S rRNA internal transcribed region (ITS) and Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopic profiles. The objectives were to compare several identification systems for E. coli and to develop and test a polyphasic taxonomic approach using the four methodologies combined for the subtyping of O157 and non-O157 E. coli. The nucleotide sequences of the 16S-23S rRNA ITS regions were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sequenced and compared with reference data available at the GenBank database using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) . Additional information comprising the utilisation of carbon sources, riboprint profiles and FT-IR spectra was also collected. The capacity of the methods for the identification and typing of E. coli to species and subspecies levels was evaluated. Data were transformed and integrated to present polyphasic hierarchical clusters and relationships. The study reports the use of an integrated scheme comprising phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic information (carbon source profile, sequencing of the 16S-23S rRNA ITS, ribotyping and FT-IR spectroscopy) for a more precise characterisation and identification of E. coli. The results showed that identification of E. coli strains by each individual method was limited mainly by the extension and quality of reference databases. On the contrary, the polyphasic approach, whereby heterogeneous taxonomic data were combined and weighted, improved the identification results, gave more consistency to the final clustering and provided additional information on the taxonomic structure and phenotypic behaviour of strains, as shown by the close clustering of strains with similar stress resistance patterns.

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Section: Polyphasic Analysis and Integration Of Resultssupporting

confidence: 51%

Comparison of methods for the identification and sub-typing of O157 and non-O157 Escherichia coli serotypes and their integration into a polyphasic taxonomy approach

Prieto-Calvo¹,

Omer²,

Alvseike³

et al. 2016

Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research

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“…Although cattle are considered to be the most important source of human infections caused by VTEC O157, they have also been isolated from the intestinal contents of sheep and goats. Food of small ruminant origin has been reported as a source for human VTEC infections (Kosmider et al, 2010;Schimmer et al, 2008;Werber et al, 2007). Transmission occurs through consumption of undercooked meat, unpasteurised dairy products, or water and vegetables contaminated by faeces of carriers.…”

Section: Severity Of Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consumption of dry cured sausages made with sheep meat was identified as the cause of an outbreak of VTEC O103:H25 infection in humans (Schimmer et al, 2008;Sekse et al, 2009). In the latter study, bacteria with the same properties, including identical DNA profiles, were found in five dry cured sausage products and sheep meat used as raw material in sausage production and were identical to the isolates from patients.…”

Section: Severity Of Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the public health hazards to be covered by inspection of meat from sheep and goats

2013

EFSA Journal

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A risk ranking process identified Toxoplasma gondii and pathogenic verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) as the most relevant biological hazards for meat inspection of sheep and goats. As these are not detected by traditional meat inspection, a meat safety assurance system using risk-based interventions was proposed. Further studies are required on T. gondii and pathogenic VTEC. If new information confirms these hazards as a high risk to public health from meat from sheep or goats, setting targets at carcass level should be considered. Other elements of the system are risk-categorisation of flocks/herds based on improved Food Chain Information (FCI), classification of abattoirs according to their capability to reduce faecal contamination, and use of improved process hygiene criteria. It is proposed to omit palpation and incision from post-mortem inspection in animals subjected to routine slaughter. For chemical hazards, dioxins and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls were ranked as being of high potential concern. Monitoring programmes for chemical hazards should be more flexible and based on the risk of occurrence, taking into account FCI, which should be expanded to reflect the SUMMARYFollowing a request from the European Commission to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), the Panel on Biological Hazards (BIOHAZ) was asked to deliver a Scientific Opinion on the public health hazards to be covered by the inspection of meat from sheep and goats. The Panel was supported by the EFSA Panels on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM) and Animal Health and Welfare (AHAW) in the preparation of this Opinion. Briefly, the main risks for public health that should be addressed by meat inspection were identified and ranked; the strengths and weaknesses of the current meat inspection system were evaluated; recommendations were made for inspection methods fit for the purpose of meeting the overall objectives of meat inspection for hazards currently not covered by the meat inspection system; and recommendations for adaptations of inspection methods and/or frequencies of inspections that provide an equivalent level of protection were made. In addition, the implications for animal health and animal welfare of any changes proposed to current inspection methods were assessed.Sheep and goats were considered together, unless otherwise stated. Decision trees were developed and used for priority ranking of biological and chemical hazards present in meat from sheep and goats. For biological hazards the ranking was based on the magnitude of the human health impact, the severity of the disease in humans and the evidence supporting the role of meat from sheep and goats as a risk factor for disease in humans. The assessment was focused on the public health risks that may occur through the handling, preparation for consumption and/or consumption of meat from these species. The term 'priority' was considered more appropriate than 'risk' for categorizing the biological hazards associated with meat from small rumina...

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“…The correlation between HUS and EHEC O157 infection has been widely reported and has supported the conclusion that EHEC is a causative pathogen (2)(3)(4)(5). Conversely, HUS has less frequently been reported in outbreaks caused by non-O157 EHEC (i.e., EHEC O104) (6)(7)(8). On the other hand, HUS patients without EHEC isolates have frequently been described (3,4,9,10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Serodiagnosis Using Microagglutination Assay during the Food-Poisoning Outbreak in Japan Caused by Consumption of Raw Beef Contaminated with Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O111 and O157

et al. 2014

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A microagglutination (MA) assay to identify antibodies to Escherichia coli O111 and O157 was conducted in sera collected from 60 patients during a food-poisoning outbreak affecting 181 patients in Japan which was caused by the consumption of contaminated raw beef. Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) O111:H8 and/or O157:H7 was isolated from the stools of some of the patients, but the total rate of positivity for antibodies to O111 (45/60, 75.0%) was significantly higher than that for antibodies to O157 (10/60, 16.7%). The MA titers of antibodies to O111 measured in patients with hemolytic-uremic syndrome and bloody diarrhea were higher than those measured in patients with only diarrhea. In patients from whose stool no isolates of E. coli O111 and O157 were obtained, the positive antibody detection rates were 12/19 (63.2%) for O111 and 2/19 (10.5%) for O157, and the MA titers of antibodies to O111 measured were higher than those to O157. Similarly, the MA titers of antibodies to O111 were significantly higher than those to O157, regardless of the other groups, including groups O111, O111 and O157, and O157. These serodiagnosis results suggest that EHEC O111:H8 stx 2 played a primary role in the pathogenesis of this outbreak. Furthermore, our findings suggest that the isolates from the patients' stool specimens were not always the major causative pathogen in patients with multiple EHEC infections, because the sera from patients from whose stools only O157 was isolated were positive for antibodies to O111. Measuring antibodies to E. coli O antigen is helpful especially in cases with multiple EHEC infections, even with a non-O157 serotype.

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Outbreak of haemolytic uraemic syndrome in Norway caused by stx 2-positive Escherichia coliO103:H25 traced to cured mutton sausages

Cited by 152 publications

References 39 publications

Comparison of methods for the identification and sub-typing of O157 and non-O157 Escherichia coli serotypes and their integration into a polyphasic taxonomy approach

Comparison of methods for the identification and sub-typing of O157 and non-O157 Escherichia coli serotypes and their integration into a polyphasic taxonomy approach

Scientific Opinion on the public health hazards to be covered by inspection of meat from sheep and goats

Serodiagnosis Using Microagglutination Assay during the Food-Poisoning Outbreak in Japan Caused by Consumption of Raw Beef Contaminated with Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O111 and O157

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