Outbreak of human monkeypox in Nigeria in 2017–18: a clinical and epidemiological report

Yinka-Ogunleye, Adesola; Aruna, Olusola; Dalhat, Mahmood; Ogoina, Dimie; McCollum, Andrea M.; Disu, Yahyah; Mamadu, Ibrahim; Akinpelu, Afolabi; Ahmad, Adama; Burga, Joel; Ndoreraho, Adolphe; Nkunzimana, Edouard; Manneh, Lamin; Mohammed, Amina; Adeoye, Olawunmi; Tom-Aba, Daniel; Silenou, Bernard C; Ipadeola, Oladipupo; Saleh, Muhammad Muhammad; Adeyemo, Ayodele; Nwadiutor, Ifeoma; Aworabhi, Neni; Uke, Patience; John, Doris; Wakama, Paul; Reynolds, Mary G.; Mauldin, Matthew R.; Doty, Jeffrey B.; Wilkins, Kimberly; Musa, Jasini Athanda; Khalakdina, Asheena; Adedeji, Adebayo; Nwando,; Ojo, Olubunmi; Krause, Gérard; Ihekweazu, Chikwe; Mandra, Anna; Davidson, Whitni; Olson, Victoria A.; Liu, Yu; Radford, Kay; Zhao, Hui; Townsend, Michael; Burgado, Jillybeth; Satheshkumar, Panayampalli S.

doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(19)30294-4

Cited by 662 publications

(796 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In the DRC, monkeypox outbreaks occur in small remote villages close to the tropical rainforest contrary to outbreaks in Nigeria that are occurring mainly in urban and peri-urban areas [15]. This may provide insight into the sources of infection in these settings.…”

Section: Available Evidence and Role Of Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CB clade is known to present with more severe disease than the WA clade [1]. However, the recent outbreaks caused by the WA clade in Nigeria has also been associated with more severe disease and death than previously reported with this clade with a case fatality rate of 6% [15].…”

Section: Virology and Natural Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result of intensified monkeypox surveillance in Nigeria, 165 confirmed cases have been reported from 17 of the 36 states and Federal Capital Territory in Nigeria by June 2019 [26]. Over 90% of the cases reported in Nigeria had no known history of contact with animals contrary to the situation in Central Africa where hunting and bushmeat preparation were associated with monkeypox [15,20,23]. Most cases in Nigeria were reported from urban and peri-urban parts of the southern regions of the country unlike in DRC where most cases were from forested villages.…”

Section: Incidence and Geographical Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Importance of epidemiological research of monkeypox: is incidence increasing?

Ihekweazu

Yinka-Ogunleye

Lule

et al. 2020

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy

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Section: Available Evidence and Role Of Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Virology and Natural Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Incidence and Geographical Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Importance of epidemiological research of monkeypox: is incidence increasing?

Ihekweazu

Yinka-Ogunleye

Lule

et al. 2020

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy

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“…The outbreak resulted in sporadic cases over the course of the next year with a total of 122 confirmed or probable cases being identified and seven deaths as of 15 September 2018. 28 The mapping exercise was conducted over the course of 1 day in Abuja, the capital of Nigeria, 2 days after the monkeypox outbreak was confirmed. The objective of this exercise was to understand the total number of suspected and confirmed cases, their geographical location and the associated operational challenges to assess the extent of the outbreak and to inform resource allocation efforts.…”

Section: Case Study 3: Monkeypox In Nigeriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Systems thinking for health emergencies: use of process mapping during outbreak response

et al. 2020

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Process mapping is a systems thinking approach used to understand, analyse and optimise processes within complex systems. We aim to demonstrate how this methodology can be applied during disease outbreaks to strengthen response and health systems. Process mapping exercises were conducted during three unique emerging disease outbreak contexts with different: mode of transmission, size, and health system infrastructure. System functioning improved considerably in each country. In Sierra Leone, laboratory testing was accelerated from 6 days to within 24 hours. In the Democratic Republic of Congo, time to suspected case notification reduced from 7 to 3 days. In Nigeria, key data reached the national level in 48 hours instead of 5 days. Our research shows that despite the chaos and complexities associated with emerging pathogen outbreaks, the implementation of a process mapping exercise can address immediate response priorities while simultaneously strengthening components of a health system.

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“…The exact reasons leading to the 2017 resurgence of monkeypox in Nigeria, which had not seen a case since 1978, remain to be elucidated. (6) Monkeypox is but one of a myriad of zoonoses that have emerged over the years and which pose a threat to human health. Besides strengthening health-infrastructure and surveillance networks, the global community needs to invest in the 'One Health' approach to understand and modify the factors associated with the emergence of various zoonotic diseases and, where appropriate, encourage the development of novel therapeutics, including vaccines.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%