Outbreak of Invasive Group A Streptococcal Disease Among Children Attending a Day-Care Center

Abstract

A clone of GAS belonging to emm type 4 and characterized by a specific PFGE pattern and toxin-gene profile was responsible for a community outbreak of streptococcal TSS disease in a child day-care center in Spain. This is the first day-care outbreak reported in our country.

Description of macrolide-resistant and potential virulent clones of Streptococcus pyogenes causing asymptomatic colonization during 2000–2006 in the Lisbon area

“…The S. pyogenes population of these sequence types, ST36, ST39, and ST28, has been described as being associated with the upper respiratory tract and invasive infections in several European countries [4,22,27,28]. It is unclear at this point whether these resistant strains are spreading worldwide or whether this represents multiple acquisitions of resistance genes by the prevalent emm/STs.…”

“…Asymptomatic carriers of S. pyogenes harbor the organism in the nose or throat and display no symptoms of acute infection [2]. Because the carriage state can persist for months, the organism remains capable of transmission to a new host, which makes crowded institutions, like day-care centers, propitious for its spread [3,4].…”

Éclosion communautaire d'une infection invasive à streptocoque du groupe A en Ontario, Canada

“…Historiquement, les éclosions d'iSGA sont survenues dans des établissements de soins de longue durée (7-10), des centres hospitaliers (8) et des garderies (11)(12)(13)(14). Les Lignes directrices pour la prévention et le contrôle de la maladie invasive due au streptocoque du groupe A de l'Agence de la santé publique du Canada de 2006 portent sur la gestion de la maladie dans ces établissements (15).…”

Fever and Rash: A Changing Landscape in the 21st Century

“…In the early 1980s, GAS received significant attention in the lay media under the moniker flesh-eating bacteria. In recent years, invasive, deadly diseases such as necrotizing fasciitis, myositis, and toxic shock syndrome (TSS) continue to occur sporadically with occasional clusters [6][7][8][9]. In addition, these severe forms of disease appear to affect previously healthy children and young adults, and not just vulnerable populations [10][11][12].…”